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Acquired Brain injury - Coggle Diagram

- - - - arms
        
        face
  - - - symptoms are always sudden in onset and focal and are usually onesided
  - - - Ischemia
        
        An CT scan carried out within a couple of hours of an ischaemia stroke may not show any abnormalities but a haemorrhage shows up immediately
      - A CT scan should be carried out within 24 hours of admission with a suspected stroke
  - - - only effective if used during the first three hours
    - - haemorrhagic stroke
- - - - seconds after the accident
        
        may be focal (localised) or diffuse (擴散)
        
        3 types: closed, open and crush
    - - Third injury- any time after and can cause further complications
        
        seizures( a sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain)
        
        hydrocephalus (a build up of fluid putting pressure on the brain
      - occurs shortly after impact and is mainly a result of limited oxygenation of the brain or diffuse axonal injuries
        
        increased intracranial pressure
        
        ischaemia
        
        cerebral hypoxia
        
        intracranial haemorrhage
        
        increased pressure results in swelling which cannot be accommodated within the skull and results in further damage to the brain tissue
    - - acceleration/ deceleration injuries
      - diffuse axonal injuries
      - penetrating injuries
      - other causes
  - - - cannot detect all types of brain injuries
        
        Using GCS or PTA
        
        even the results are normal
  - - - other medical conditions
    - - sleep disorders, epilepsy (癲癇)