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LATIN AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE - Coggle Diagram
LATIN AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE
The causes of independece
The influence of Enlightenment ideas.
The American Revolution, the French Revolution and the Spanish War of Independece
Great Britain gave financial assistance.
The Creole bourgeoisie wanted political and economic control of the colonies
The sequence of events
began during the Spanish War of Independence
In 1810
councils declared their autonomy and in some viceroyalties
idea of independence began to spread.
New Spain (Mexico)
a priest called Hidalgo led a social uprising of Indians and mestizos against the Spanish authorities
New Granada (Santa Fe de Bogotá) and Venezuela
Simón Bolívar led a liberal bourgeois revolution which ended with the proclamation of the First Venezuelan Republic.
Río de la Plata (Buenos Aires)
José de San Martín led a series of revolts which spread from Argentina, across Chile, Uruguay and to the Viceroyalty of Peru.
Paraguay declared its independence in 1811.
Fernando VII returned
sent troops to America to end the revolts.
was only successful in New Spain, and in other regions the independence movements continued.
1816 the process of independence advanced thanks to British military and economic support.
The military victories of José de San Martín and the Chilean General O'Higgins at Chacabuco (1817) and Maipú (1818) led to Chile's independence.
Simón Bolívar defeated the Spanish at Carabobo (1821) and Pichincha (1822). He established Gran Colombia
The military victory of General Sucre at Ayacucho (1824) led to the independence of Peru and Bolivia
all of Spain's American colonies gained their independence, except for Cuba and Puerto Rico.
Consequences of independence
Spain
Spain lost its hegemony over Latin America.
The loss of the American colonies dramatically reduced Spain's international prestige and power.
The Spanish economy suffered
new South American countries
Creole bourgeoisie gained the political and economic power
New countries were formed
Most of the new republics now came under the influence of Great Britain, until 1823 that becameunder the influence of United State
The establishment of free trade damaged the economies of many countries as they were unable to compete with European and North American products.
