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VICTORIAN AUTHORITY, Margret is a Bourgeois socialist , wants to appear to…

- - - - James Eli Adams, The Boundaries of Social Intercourse
        Social Life was dictated by class
        -Upper class had more authority over lower class
        -Middle class had most influence
      - Vertical vs Horizontal Social relations
        -Invention of social class
      - Industrialism: Progress or Decline
        Portrays the consequences of industrialism
      - noblesse oblige
        
        Carlyle Past and Present
        
        Industrial workers are worse off than agricultural peasants because they don't have a safety net due to noblesse oblige
        
        Factory Owners need to take responsibility for their workers
        apart of the responsibility of the upper class
      - Thomas Babington Macaulay
        Review of Southey’s Colloquies
        Defender of Industrial Revolution
        Alllows people to get more jobs. food
        
        Friedrich Engels, The Great Towns
        -Despar that stems from industrialism
        -Slums, poor working conditions
        States that the working class were being separated from Bourgeoise
        -Worker were being deprived
        CLASS CONFLICT
        
        COMMUNIST MANIFESTO
        Marx & Engles
        -CLASS IS ROOT OF ALL PROBLEMS
        
        Capitalism is inevitably going to self destruct
        -Social Mobility will allow proletariat to become cohesive class with common interests
    - - Public Opinion
  - - - Eagleton from Marx and Literary Criticism
        Literature is the expression of the times
        Industrial fiction and sympathy between classes comes from capitalistic ideology
- - - - Sexuality of "untamed woman"
        Ayesha is not disciplined by domesticity
        -imperialism allows men to assert themselves outside of domestic realm
        
        Challenging Gender norms
        
        Havelock Ellis Studies in the Psychology of Sex
        -ideas of sexual inverts
        -men that don’t conform to gender norms are labeled as "man's soul in woman’s s body"
        Gender norms so narrow identities are born to label behaviors outside of them
        
        Labels of homosexuality as a way to discourage sexual experimentation
      - Victorian Obsession with sex
        
        Michel Foucault, The History of Sexuality
        -Sex was not repressed
        -seen as dangerous and needed to be monitored to ensure that people were avoiding its dangers
  - - - Morality
        
        Angel In the House
        
        Jane is on a journey to become ideal woman- within middle class ideaologies
        
        Jane acknowledges patriarchal oppression
        
        Bertha as double for expression of rage towards gender
        
        Bertha is the antithesis of Angel in the house
        -She lights home "domestic sphere on fire"
        
        Depiction of destruction that comes from leaving gender roles
        
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        Indian Ink Reading
        -Jane is compared to slave due to her work and status
        
        Jane appropriates non-white oppression in order to fit her narrative at oppression of gender and class
        
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        Ruskin
        -Women must shield their husbands from the hardships of the public spehere, they are the moral compass
        
        Middle Class values
        
        Arnold, Culture and Anarchy
        Hellenism: rebellion against victorian obsession with morality
        promote greek ideas of freedom and appreciation of beauty for its own sake
        
        Same sex relationships can reform and reinvigorate society
        
        New Chivalry
        moral and societal benefits of relationships between older men and younger men
        
        The New Chivalry- Jackson
        -teaches how to be masculine
        -no woman to hold men back
        -modern version of paiderastia- ancient greek ideal of eroticized mentorship
        
        The Picture of Dorian Gray
        -Youth as beauty-Lord Henry &Dorian- New Chivalry
        -"The only way to get rid of temptation is to yield to it"
        -rejects feminine influence
        
        Traditional male values take a back seat to art/ aesthetic and emotional masculine relationships
      - Domestic Home vs Political Power
        
        Armstrong Desire & Domestic Fiction
        
        Political power was seen as a so separate from the home that women were able to have full authority
        -wasn't seen as a legitimate power but had political and social consequences
        
        -Domestic Home is a reflection of what is happening in political world
        -Women were empowered through their authority in the home
  - - - She by Haggard
        
        femme fatale
        -Ayesha is a woman in power
        she is both feared and respected for her ability
        
        Romance Novel
        -Adventure novel
        Masculinity in imperialism
        
        Ayesha violates cultural norms
        
        Ayesha's ability of world domination
        -Part of her sexual appeal is her ability to dominate the world through imperialism
        -conquest is pleasure
        
        Inherently sexual nature of the power dynamic of imperialism
- - - - Hensley Empire
        The British empire
        Imperialism directly impacts economic control and indirectly is culturally controlling
      - Male Authority
        Imperialism pushes modern ideals include a patriarchal structure
    - - Boyhood is tied into imperialism
        
        Novels represented other parts of the world as a source of pleasure
        -imperialism is like a game
    - - Belief that there was a moral responsbility to "civilize colonies"