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Module 4 - Coggle Diagram
Module 4
Early childhood
Cognitive development: Piaget's pre-operational
Symbolic function substage (2-4yrs)
Egocentrism
inability to distinguish between one’s own perspective and someone else’s perspective
Animism
belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities, just like themselves and are capable of action.
Intuitive thought substage. (4-7yrs)
use primitive reasoning and want to know the answers to all sorts of questions
dominated by egocentrism and magical beliefs.
Centration & the Limits of Preoperational Thought
preschoolers can be fooled by appearances.
difficulty with tasks that require them to use logic to arrive at the right answer
Preoperational children do not understand the concept of conservation because they engage in centration & irreversible thought
Social and Personality Development-Erickson’s stage
the desire to act independently of their parents and do things on their own, and, on the other hand, the guilt that comes from failure when they don’t succeed.
Middle and late childhood
Cognitive Development: Intellectual---Piaget’s concrete operational stage
For every limitation of the preoperational child, there is a corresponding strength of the concrete-operational child.
Conservation
concrete-operational child can decenter and juggle two dimensions at once
Classification
ability to classify or divide things into different sets or subsets and to consider their interrelationships (according to some dimension that they share.)
Seriation (logical order)
involves the ability to mentally arrange items along a quantifiable dimension, such as height or weight.
Hierarchical Classification
understanding that a class can include a number of sub-classes
Social and Personality Development-Erickson’s stage, parenting technique
Industry-versus-Inferiority stage
characterized by a focus on efforts to meet the challenges presented by parents, peers, school, and the other complexities of the modern world.
Parenting Styles
authoritarian parenting
show high levels of control and low levels of warmth toward their children.
authoritative parenting
a moderate amount of control and are warm and responsive to their children.
permissive parenting
offer warmth and caring but little control over their children
uninvolved parenting
provide neither warmth nor control and minimize the time they spend with their children.