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LATIN AMERICA AT THE 60S - Coggle Diagram
LATIN AMERICA AT THE 60S
Latin American Economies
- Since the middle of the century, agrarian structures suffered strong pressures of modernization and change.
- Industrialization in Latin America was intensified between the 1950s and the 1980s. Its main objective was import substitution.
- The external debt and the oil crisis of the 1970s grew its impact.
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Cuban Revolution
During the 50s, in Cuba, the revolutionary movement "July 26th" against Batista dictatorship emerged. It was led by Fidel Castro and the Argentinian doctor Ernesto Guevara, known as "Che", who organized a guerrilla from "Sierra Maestra" and managed to overthrow the dictatorship in 1959.
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The Counterinsurgency
In several countries, guerrilla actions were reactivated or started. Havana became the center of meetings of politicians, social leaders and leaders of insurrectional groups. While, United States intensified the pressure on Latin American governments to isolate Cuba, which was expelled from the Organization of American States (OAS), and to break relations with the countries related to the USSR.
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Insurgent Stage
Organizations of workers, especially industrialists, peasants and villagers of the growing cities, allied to the left parties, grew in number and influence. A climate of social mobilization developed and guerrillas emerged.
In Brazil in 1952 ,President Getulio Vargas was elected, but unable to meet the expectations of the masses, he committed suicide. In Guatemala, Jacobo Arbenz was elected, his government was interrupted by a coup organized by the United States
Since the mid-40s, Colombia In the midst of the conservative - liberal conflict, General Rojas Pinilla proclaimed himself Venezueldictator. When he was overthrown, the two rival parties agreed to alternate power. In Ecuador, in the midst of an economic crisis, the military took power and carried out several reforms.
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