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Philosophy - Coggle Diagram

- - - - headings
        
        intro, conclusion
        
        The first sentence of each paragraph
    - - Read like a newspaper
        
        Note special vocab
        
        understand author's connection to their terminology
  - - - 1.) Charitable
        
        Best friends!!!
        
        Good points
      - 2.) Hostile
        
        Roast
        
        Bad points
    - - Does the argument work?
        
        Conclusion?
        
        Relevant, well developed premises?
- - - - Positive would be opposite of this: The fact that something has value is a reason to promote or appreciate it.
  - - - This refers to the appearance that affirmative action is unfair being false, as though it may look like one is choosing an underqualified candidate over a qualified one, the past of the underqualified choice's people dictates that they are owed preferential treatment by society now.
    - - White men in particular have become accustomed to having certain positions available to them and not having competition, so affirmative action can cause resentment in those individual when it becomes harder to get those positions they were expecting. This is a reason many criticize affirmative action, but it's really just something that those benefitting from unjust enrichment have to get used to in order for there to be a fair society.
      - Should those who experienced unjust enrichment feel resentment?
    - - Mosley says it may not be true that young white men never benefitted from discrimination because society thus encouraged white men to pursue these positions but not blacks or women.
    - - If society had been different, the tables may have been turned and blacks could have been on top of the socioeconomic ladder if they had not been oppressed.
    - - Backward looking affirmative action policies look to receiving reparations for past harm and wrong doing. Forward acting
- - - - preferential treatment, discriminating in favor of members of under-represented groups, which have been treated unjustly in the past, against innocent people
    - - seeks to promote equal opportunity to the goods and offices of a society
    - - There is a long list of ethnicities who receive preferential treatment before whites because of affirmative action.
    - - Pojman believes that policies which encourage minorities to try to apply for jobs and schools that they may not have in the past can do good in encouraging an equal society. He calls these Weak Affirmative Action policies, and includes things like advertising to minority populations, dismantling segregated institutions, specialized scholarships for wide ranges of disadvantaged people (the poor)
- - - - Motivation
      - Negative or positive thesis
      - Thesis itself
      - Premises and how they support the thesis
  - - - a few times; stop to look at unfamiliar words and understand the way they are being used by the author
    - - consider the conclusion and ask yourself what the author needs to do to prove it
      - Can be multiple premises
    - - Like the thesis of the text
      - Not always the first or last sentence of the text
    - - examples
    - - Assumptions or biases the author displays
    - - Explain premises and how they work together
      - n. Premise: A previous statement or proposition from which another is inferred or follows as a conclusion. "If the premise is true, then the conclusion must be true."