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The components of fitness for sport - Coggle Diagram
The components of fitness for sport
Co-ordination
For example, a cricket player needs lots of coordination while batting and fielding to move their body part together and meet with the ball
Measured with the wall toss test (A performer stands next to a wall and sees how many one handed alternating catches they can perform in 30 seconds)
The ability to use two or more body parts together, smoothly and efficiently
Muscular endurance
The ability of a muscle or muscle group to undergo repeated contractions, avoiding fatigue
Similar to Dynamic Strength
For example, a swimmer would need lots of muscular endurance in-order to perform the same motions repeatedly during a race
Measured with the sit up bleep test (Performers attempt to keep up with the bleeps while doing a sit up on every bleep)
Speed
The maximum rate at which a performer is able to perform in a period of time, putting the body parts into action as quickly as possible
For example, a swimmer such as Michael phelps would need to use a combination of speed and power to win a freestyle race to maximise his streamline and tumble turns
Measured with the 30 metre sprint test
Strength
Broken down into for sub categories
Explosive - The muscular strength used in one short, sharp movement (linked with power)
Static - The ability to hold a body part in a static position, the maximum force that can be applied to an immovable object
Maximal - The maximal force a muscle can exert in a single contraction
Dynamic - Also known as muscular endurance
Ryan crouser would need lots of strength like power and maximal to throw the heavy shot put furthest
The ability to overcome a resistance
Measured with the hand dynamometer test
Cardiovascular Endurance
For example, a marathon runner such as Mo Farah would needs lots of cardiovascular endurance during a long race
Measured with the multi stage fitness test (where two sets of cones are set a distance apart and the performers have to make it between the two before the bleeps)
The ability of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen to the working muscles
Flexibility
The range of movement possible at a joint
For example, a diver such as Tom Daley would need lots of flexibility to allow his body to twist and turn during a dive
Measured with the sit and reach test (Where you try to reach as far forward as possible)
Reaction time
For example, a goalkeeper like Mendy would need a high reaction time. For example a goalkeeper after a shot deflects of a defender
Measured with the ruler drop test
The time taken to respond to a stimulus, e.g the starting gun in a 100m sprint
Agility
The Ability to move and change direction quickly (at speed) while maintaining control.
The combination of flexibility and speed
For example, a rugby player like Jack Nowell would need lots of agility while avoiding tackles in rugby
Measured With the Illinois Agility Test (A set of cones laid out, where you need to get around at the fastest possible pace)
Balance
Includes Static and Dynamic balances
For example, a surfer would need lots of balance not to fall of the board
The maintenance of the centre of mass over the base of support
Measured with The stork stand test (where you try to stand on one leg for as long as possible)
Power
Also known as explosive strength or anaerobic power
For example, a Sprinter such as Usain bolt needs power to allow him to win a race by exploding out of the blocks
The product of strength and speed (Strength x Speed)
Measured with the vertical jump test (Where a performer attempts to jump as high as possible)