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SPAIN: THE RESTORATION, LIBERALISM AND DEMOCRATIC IDEAS - Coggle Diagram

- - - - 1814–1820
      - Fernando VII enjoyed the support of the Spanish people, the Cádiz Cortes and the absolutists.
      - The Cádiz Cortes hoped he would uphold the Constitution of 1812
      - the absolutists wanted a return to the Ancien Régime,
      - Fernando VII agreed with the absolutists' demands, so he dismissed the Cortes, abolished the Constitution of 1812 and re-established absolute monarchy.
    - - 1820–1823
      - period of political instability followed
      - some liberals organised military coups designed to overthrow absolutism
      - In 1820, a coup led by Riego and Quiroga succeeded.
      - Fernando VII was forced to reinstate the Constitution of 1812 and to guarantee the freedoms that had been suppressed during the previous phase.
    - - 1823–1833
      - in 1823 Fernando VII asked the Holy Alliance for assistance.
      - sent a French army, the 100 000 Sons of St Louis', who defeated the liberals.
      - Fernando VII re-established the absolute monarchy and persecuted the liberals.
      - There were more liberal revolts, but none of them succeeded.
- - - - 1833–1839
      - Fernando VII's brother Carlos claimed the throne, and did not accept either the Pragmatic Sanction
      - was supported in the war by the absolutists and by those who supported the fueros
      - The liberals supported Isabel II in exchange for the government becoming more liberal.
    - - the Convention of Vergara was signed.
      - Isabel was recognised as Queen of Spain, and she agreed to respect the fueros
      - Carlos did not accept the treaty, and his son, Carlos Luis Bourbon, continued to fight for his right to the Spanish crown.
  - - - the alternation in power between the Moderates and Progressives.
      - the second Carlist War
        
        Isabel II's refusal to marry Carlos Luis Bourbon
        
        The war ended with the defeat of the Carlist
      - Spain's division into 49 provinces.
      - social instability caused by discontent among the peasants over poor working conditions.
      - expropiations that aimed to solve Spain's economic problems
- - - - 1868–1870
      - General Serrano and General Prim looked for a new king for Spain who was not a Bourbon.
      - Constituent Cortes in order to write a new constitution.
    - - 1871 –1873
      - King Amadeo I of Spain
      - third Carlist War (1872–1876) began
      - Amadeo abdicated because he faced opposition from both the Republicans and the supporters of Alfonso
    - - 1873–1874
      - the Cortes proclaimed Spain a republic.
      - many problems: third Carlist War, Alfonso's supporters rejected the republic.
      - Varios alternatives
        
        federal republic, divided into 17 federal state
        
        centralised, or unitary, republic, in which the central government would control all the political and administrative institutions.
      - political instability
      - four different presidents in one year: Figueras, Pi y Margall, Salmerón and Castelar.
      - Republicans were working on a new constitution
      - General Pavia entered the Cortes in January 1874 and dissolved it.
      - was another military revolt which aimed to bring back the Bourbons, and the First Republic ended.