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Italian and German unification, image, image - Coggle Diagram
Italian and German unification
For many centuries, Germany and Italy had been divided into numerous small states
These divisions were confirmed by the Congress of Vienna
Nationalist movements succeeded in unifying these countries
Italian unification
From 1859 to 1870
Various factors caused a growth in nationalism
The Congress of Vienna left the Italian Peninsula divided into seven states
Nationalist and liberal successes in other countries
The failure of the Revolutions of 1848 also encouraged nationalism
Important figures supported Italian unification
The unification process was initiated by Piedmont-Sardinia
Victor Emmanuel II and Cavour tried to extend their kingdom's constitutional system to other parts of Italy
German unification
German unification began as a result of these factors
Liberal and nationalist ideas were popular in Germany
During the Revolution of 1848, the Frankfurt Parliament tried to create a unified state with universal manhood suffrage
After the Congress of Vienna, the German Confederation was divided into 39 states, united by the federal Diet
In 1834, a customs union (the Zollverein) had been established
From 1866 to 1871
Otto von Bismarck, started the process of unification
He had been named Chancellor (prime minister) of Prussia in 1862
In the second phase of unification
Bismarck defeated Napoleon III of France, who wanted to limit Prussian expansion
The consequences of Italian and German unification
Both unifications affected European international relations
The German Empire became Europe's dominant power
The Austro-Hungarian Empire lost power and influence in both Italy and Germany
France's defeat by Prussia led to the collapse of Napoleon III's Second Empire
Which was replaced by the Third Republic
