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CONTROLLING, cultural, workplace, financial, information, performance,…

- - - - TAKING ACTION
        
        Possible courses of action
        
        DO NOTHING
        
        CORRECT ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
        
        REVISE THE STANDARDS
        
        Standards can be revised by either raising or lowering them
        
        Immediate corrective action
        
        Corrects problems at once to get performance back on track
        
        Through training programs, disciplinary action, changes in compensation practices, and so forth
        
        Basic corrective action
        
        Looks at how and why performance deviated before correcting the source of deviation
        
        1 more item...
        
        Self explanatory
      - The variation between actual performance and the standard
        
        RANGE OF VARIATION
        
        The acceptable parameters of variance between
        actual performance and a standard
        
        Deviations outside this range need attention
    - - SOURCES OF INFORMATION USED TO MEASURE ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
        
        Written reports
        
        Oral reports
        
        Statistical reports
        
        Personal observation
        
        Provides firsthand, intimate knowledge of the actual activity
        
        Information that is not filtered through others
        
        1 more item...
        
        Graphs, bar charts, and numerical displays of any form that managers can use for assessing performance
        
        Information can acquired through conferences, meetings, one-to-one conversations, or telephone calls
        
        More comprehensiveness and conciseness
        
        Easy to catalog and reference
- - - - FEEDBACK
        
        Control that takes place after a work activity is done
        
        Gives meaningful information on how effective their planning efforts were
        
        Shows little variance between standard and actual performance indicates that the planning was generally on target
      - Control that takes place while a work activity is in progress
        
        The best known form of concurrent control is direct supervision (Available to employees at all times to discuss what’s going on and correct problems before they become too costly)
  - - - Organizations information
        
        Employee performance
        
        Keeping track using Balanced scorecard approach
        
        A way to evaluate an organization’s performance in four different areas rather than just from the financial perspective
        
        :four: Areas
        
        Financial
        
        Customer
        
        Internal processes
        
        People/innovation/growth assets
        
        Ensure employees doing their jobs as planned and meeting goals that have been set
        
        A critical tool for controlling other organizational activities
        
        An organizational resource that needs controlling
        
        Management information system (MIS)
        
        A system used to provide management with needed information on a regular basis
        
        Comprehensive and secure control
        
        Data encryption, system firewalls, data backups to protect the organization’s information
      - Ratio analysis
        
        Calculated using selected information from the organization’s balance sheet and income statement
        
        Types : liquidity, leverage, activity, and profitability
        
        Budget analysis
        
        Planning tool - indicates which work activities are important and what and how much resources should be allocated to those activities
        
        Controlling tool - provides managers with quantitative standards against which to measure and compare resource consumption
- - - - Technology’s impact on control is most evident in comparisons of technologically advanced nations with countries that aren’t as technologically advanced
      - Constraints on what corrective action managers can take may affect managers in foreign countries because laws in some countries do not allow managers the option of closing facilities, laying off employees, or bringing in a new management team from outside the country
  - - - Employee theft
        
        Any unauthorized taking of company property by employees for their personal use
        
        Range from Eembezzlement to fraudulent filing of expense reports removing equipment, parts, software, or office supplies from company premises
        
        Workplace violence
        
        Employee stress caused by job uncertainties, declining value of retirement accounts, long hours, information overload, other daily interruptions, unrealistic deadlines, and uncaring managers play a role
        
        Dysfunctional work environments is the contributors to the problem
        
        Exampleof dysfuntional work environments: :
        
        Employee work driven by TNC (time, numbers, and crises)
        
        Rapid and unpredictable change
        
        Destructive communication style
        
        Authoritarian leadership
        
        Defensive attitude
        
        Double standards
        
        Unresolved grievances
        
        Emotionally troubled employees
        
        Repetitive / boring work
        
        Faulty or unsafe equipment or deficient training
        
        Hazardous work environment
        
        Culture of violence
- - - - it’s the only way to know whether goals are being met and, if not, the reasons why
        
        It provides information and feedback so managers feel comfortable empowering employees
        
        It helps protect an organization and its assets
    - - Protecting the workplace
        
        Empowering employees
        
        Planning
        
        Controlling provides the critical link back to planning
        
        Manager need to control and ensure that goals and plans were being achieved and what future actions to take
        
        An effective control system can provide information and feedback on employee performance and minimize the chance of potential problems
        
        Control to protect the organization and its assets
        
        Comprehensive controls and backup plans will help minimize work disruptions