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ENERGY - Coggle Diagram

- - - - In this type of power plant, the heat generated by solarradiation produces steam that is used to move the rotor in
        the generator.
        To do this, they use special mirrors, called heliostats
    - - .
        
        These power plants consist of large areas of photovoltaic panels
        
        There are also isolated power plants that are very small in size, which are used to supply electricity to home~ in rural areas
  - - - Specific crops, such as sunflowers and cougar beet.
      - waste from agri-food industries
      - forestry and agricultural waste.
      - This type of fuel Is burnt at biomass power plants.
  - - - These plants use the heat found at deep levels in the earth. This heat may reach the surface in the form of steam, gases or hot water.Geothermal energy may be used directly — for hot water and heating,industrial use and so on — and indirectly — the heat generates steam, which produces electricity
- - - - Environmental impact assessment
        
        study must also assess both the economic and socialconsequences of the project in the area, to decide whether or not to goahead with the plan.
  - - - Use coal with a low sulphur content, to reduce acid rain.
      - Maintain and increase the size of large forested areas, since they babsorb carbon dioxide.
      - Install special filters on the pipes at the power plant to capture gas pollutants
  - - - Oil pipehnes can suffer accidents caused by nature or human error,which result in uncontrolled spills.
      - Some spills have caused oil slicks that have taken years to clean up and dissipate and have aftected the lives of many plant and animal species.
    - - hydroelectric power plants require water reservoirs coveringlarge areas, which protoundly change the natural cycle of overs, flood large land areas and destroy ecosystems, in addition tomcreasing the risk of accidents.
      - Conventional thermal power plants can cause numerous problems
        and environmental hazards.
        
        They produce air pollution suspended particles, CO, heavymetal molecules and so on.
        
        • They emit large amounts of COa which increases rhe greenhouse effect
        
        • They emit sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide that cause acidrain, which is very harmful to the environment
        
        • The water used in the cooling system is returned to ihe environmentwhile it's sull warm, which affects both animal and plant life
      - Nuclear thermal power plants are accompanied by the risk of nuclear accidents and the problem of nuclear waste, some of which remain dangerous for thousands of years
    - - processes are sometimes harmful to the environment. (timber)
    - - fuels we use in vehicles and heating systems emit gases and
        part les similar to those generated by convenuonal thermal power plants.
      - when we turn on an electric appliance, we' re consuming energy that has already caused several environmental problems during its extraction,generation and transportation.
  - - - use of renewable energy sources
        is fundamental
      - objective is to produce a large part of our electricity through alternative power plants
    - - essential to reduce the consumption of ag forms of energy — without seriously affecting quality of life
      - adoption of more environmentally friendly habits
      - examples
        
        using pubic transport or bicycles
        
        changing consumption habits
    - - noticeably reduce the energy consume
      - examples
        
        electric cars
        
        better home insulation
        
        low fuel consumption cars
      - energy effiaency policies increase effiaency of everyday appliances and devices
- - - - turbine converts mechanical energy into the rotating movement
        of a shaft
      - alternator has a fixed part, called a stator, and a moving part,
        called a rotor, connected to the turbine shaft
- - - - Efectricity its generated as a result of two combined cycles, a cycle that uses air and gas, and a conventional thermal cycle During the first cycle a gas turbine is used that includes a compressor.
      - Air is mixed with the gas and is burnt, which generates electricity of a turbinein the turbine-alternator system. The combustion gases are transported where they transfer their energy to the water dunng the second
- - - - operating of electrical appliance
      - systems
        
        heating
        
        cold and hot water
      - heat for
        
        transport
        
        cooking
    - - operating of
        
        construction
        
        agriculture
        
        factories and companies
  - - - conventional
        
        Most commonly used in industrialised countries, ex: energy fossil fues
      - non-conventional
        
        Alternative energy sources
        
        In early stages of their technological development
        
        ex: solar and wind power
    - - primary
        
        Obtained directly from nature, ex:
        
        crude oil
        
        natural gas
        
        coals
      - secondary
        
        Resulting from transformation of pnmary sources, ex:
        
        petroleum derivates
        
        electricity
    - - renewable
        
        Abundant and inexhaustible
      - non-renewable
        
        May or may not be abundant
        
        Depleted when we use them up
        
        Cannot be renewed in a short period of time
    - - clean or non-polluting
        
        low enviroment impact
        
        .
        
        Don't generate by-products that pollute the enviroment
      - pollutants
        
        Sources that have negative effects on the environment