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LATIN AMERICA INDEPENDENCE, image, image, image, image, image, image -…
LATIN AMERICA INDEPENDENCE
During the Spanish War of Independence
the process that led to the independence of Spain's American colonies began
The causes of independence
the influence of Enlightenment ideas
by the Spanish directors of trading companies
that had been established in America
which were brought to America by Creole students
who travelled to Europe
the American and French Revolutions
encouraged some of the colonists to fight for their own freedom
also, the Spanish War of Independence
Great Britain gave financial assistance
because they wanted to end Spain's dominance
of trade with America
to the supporters of independence
the Creole bourgeoisie
wanted political
of the colonies
and an end to their dependence on Spain when it came to trade
and economic control
The sequence of events
The independence movements began
As in Spain
the colonists created councils
which removed the colonial authorities
juntas
wich governed in the name of Fernando VII
during the Spanish War of Independence
when the colonies refused to accept Joseph I as King of SpainAC
In 1810
the councils declared their autonomy and in some viceroyalties
the idea of independence began to spread:
New Granada (Santa Fe de Bogotá)
the Captaincy General of Venezuela
Simón Bolívar led a liberal bourgeois revolution
which ended with the proclamation
of the First Venezuelan Republic
Río de la Plata (Buenos Aires)
General José de San Martín led a series of revolts
which spread from Argentina
across Chile,
Uruguay
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Paraguay declared its independence in 1811
New Spain (Mexico)
a priest called Hidalgo led a social uprising of Indians
mestizos against the Spanish authorities in 1810
all of Spain's American colonies gained their independence
except for:
Cuba
Puerto Rico
When Fernando VII returned to the throne
However, this was only successful in New Spain,
in other regions the independence movements continued
he sent troops to America to end the revolts.
From 1816 onwards
In addition, there was also political instability in Spain at that time
the process of independence advanced
thanks to the support of British:
economical
military
The consequences of independence
for Spain:
The loss of the American colonies
Spain became a second-rate power
dramatically reduced Spain's international
prestige
power
The Spanish economy suffered
the crown stopped receiving the large amounts of riches
that had always come from America:
precious metals
taxes
colonial products
especially the Catalan manufacturing industry
as Spain lost its trade monopoly
over the American colonies
Spain lost its hegemony over Latin America
for the new South American countries:
The establishment of free trade
damaged the economies of many countries
as they were unable to compete with:
European
North American
products
New countries were formed,
such as:
Venezuela
Mexico
Argentina
They became independent republics
The Creole bourgeoisie gained
the political
economic
power it had been fighting for
Most of the new republics now came
After that British influence was gradually replaced
by that of the United States
under the influence of Great Britain
until the 1823 Monroe Doctrine
in which the United States President warned
the European powers not to interfere in America
