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Latin American Independence, image, image, image, image - Coggle Diagram
Latin American Independence
THE CAUSES OF INDEPENDENCE
American and French Revolutions and the Spanish War of Independence
encouraged some of the colonists to fight
for freedom
Great Britain
gave financial assistance to the supporters
wanted to end Spain's trade with America
influence of Enlightenment ideas
brought to America by Creole students
Creole bourgeoisie wanted
political and economic control of the colonies
THE SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
Spanish War of Independence
colonies refused to accept Joseph I as King
colonists created councils
governed in the name of Fernando VII
removed the colonial authorities
Viceroyalties in 1810
of New Granada (Santa Fe de Bogotá)
Captaincy General of Venezuela
Simón Bolívar
led a liberal bourgeois revolution
the First Venezuelan Republic
of the Río de la Plata (Buenos Aires)
General José de San Martín
led revolts
from Argentina, across Chile, Uruguay to Peru
in 1811
Paraguay declared its independence
of New Spain (Mexico)
Hidalgo
led a social uprising of Indians and mestizos
against the Spanish authorities
a priest
in 1810
Fernando VII returned to the throne
sent troops to America
only successful in New Spain
to end the revolts
From 1816 onwards
independence advanced
British military and economic support
political instability in Spain
Simón Bolívar
defeated the Spanish at
at Carabobo (1821)
Pichincha (1822)
established Gran Colombia
General Sucre at Ayacucho (1824)
led to the independence of Peru and Bolivia
military victories of
at Chacabuco (1817) and Maipú (1818)
José de San Martín and the Chilean General O'Higgins
to Chile's independence
THE CONSEQUENCES OF INDEPENDENCE
for Spain
reduced Spain's international prestige and power
became a second-rate power
Spanish economy suffered
Catalan manufacturing industry
lost its hegemony over Latin America
for new South American countries
Creole bourgeoisie
gained the political and economic power
New countries were formed
Venezuela, Argentina and Mexico
independent republics
republics came under the influence of Great Britain
until the 1823 Monroe Doctrine
replaced by of the United States
