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Agriculture Policies - Coggle Diagram
Agriculture Policies
Nicholas II
Stolypin Appointment
Rural unrest peaked during 1905-07 - Nicholas responded by getting Stolypin as Prime Minister to oversee reform in 1906.
Stolypin's aim was to use land redistribution to build and strengthen the class more educated peasants
The new class of peasants would act as role models for other peasants to follow as well as act as a force against the mir.
Stolypin Reform
Unused or poorly utilised land was made available to the Peasant Land Bank - forward-looking peasants could buy the land from the bank for favourable terms.
Peasants who were still farming strips were given the right to consolidate their holdings into smallholdings
Hereditary Household plots were not affected and land could not be immediately sold to non-peasants to ensure the mainstay of the rural economy became small peasant farms.
The plan backfired as the plan saw more wealthier peasants (kulaks) but of which were not satisfied with the reform as the best land was not available to them.
By 1914, 2 million peasants left village communes leaving rural labour short - WW1 made this trend higher which left supplies low for the growing urban population.
Lenin
War Communism & Kulaks
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Lenin changed his view about the importance of peasants and Kulaks were viewed with disdain by the Bolsheviks - became scapegoats for Russia's problems.
NEP & Kulaks
When the NEP replaced War Communism Kulaks began to be viewed as more cultured and educated peasants with wealthier peasants increasing
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Despite being tolerated, kulaks were still treated more severely than other peasants
Wealthier more productive Kulaks stood out and were persecuted for the shortcomings of the Bolshevik agriculture policy.
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Stalin
Collectivisation
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System was based on the belief that shortages were due mainly to surpluses being hoarded until they could be sold at the highest price.
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Famine of 1927 promoted mass collectivisation - eradicated the NEP and moving to eradicate the kulaks - Stalin now moved to collectivise on a large scale.
Dekulakisation
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Clothing, food, fuel and personal belongings taken.
Kulaks who heard this happening, sold their goods, killed their animals
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