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Philosophy - Coggle Diagram

- - - -  the nature of knowing
        (epistemology)
         the mind-body distinction
         the mind-brain distinction
  - - -  How do we acquire
        Language?
        What parts of the brain
        underlie language use?
  - - - Linguistic Determinism-determines how we perceive and
        think about the world
        
        Language determines the way we
        think.
        
        Language shapes our thought.
      - Linguistic Relativism- different langauges encode different categories and that spoeakers of different langauges therefore think about world in different ways
        
        Distinctions found in a given language are not the same as those in any other languages
- - - - I am thinking, therefore I exist
    - - All our conscious reasoning, ideas, knowledge and intelligence reside here
      - Qualia = the ways things seem to us
    - - Where we experiences our senses
      - Interaction between the 2 entities that creates our unique identity
      - Always divisible
    - - Upheld by major religions
      - However, evidence suggest that mind and brain are closely correlated
  - - - Mind is identical to the brain
      - Concept of mind is not needed
      - The mind is the brain (=body)
- - - - Clarify concepts and analyze propositions/ statement, belief and theories
- - - - View
        
        Reason plays the main role in understanding the world and obtaining knowledge
        
        The world through logic &reasoning
        
        Perceiving the world through our sense is unreliable
        
        the mind is fundamentally rational
        
        Truth can best be discovered by reason and factual analysis
      - Key ideas
        
        innate ideas- "present from birth"
        
        All ideas in our minds does not come from our
        senses
        
        A Priori knowledge- "true independent of experience"
        
        independent of experience must be more trustworthy because it has less to do with the senses.
  - - - view
        
        "white paper, void of all characters, without any ideas"
        
        mind at birth is a Tabula Rasa
        
        When we learn or experience things, it is as if the
        mind is being written on
        
        Knowledge is essentially empirical
        
        knowledge was the senses
      - empirical knowledge
        
        Demonstrative = we begin to put simple ideas together to form complex ones, we are demonstrating something
        
        Sensitive = Most uncertain because it relies merely on the evidence of the senses
        
        Intuitive = Most obvious and most difficult to doubt
  - - - All of reality is already in a sense pre-determined or pre-existent
      - that human freedom is simply an illusion
      - All events in the world are the result
    - - Conscious human being are free to make genuinely undetermined choices
- - - - Is the minf separate from the brain, or a by-product of it?
      - Is there such a thing as a permanent self or soul?
      - what is consciousness?