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THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE, venus, gayes of paradise, scoo of athens, methods…

- - - - Giotto
  - - - Florence
    - - harmony
      - proportion
    - - architecture
        
        Brunelleschi and Alberti
      - sculpture
        
        Ghiberti and Donatello
      - paint
        
        Masaccio, Fra Angelico and Botticelli
  - - - Rome
      - Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo and Raphael Sanzio
    - - new style
        
        spread through Europe
      - Giorgione and Titian
  - - - Italy
    - - harmony
      - proportion
    - - painters
        
        Florence
        
        Bronzino and Pontormo
        
        Venice
        
        Tintoretto and Veronese
      - sculptors
        
        Cellini and Giambologna
- - - - maintained by patrons
        
        Medici
        
        Sforza
        
        Popes
      - dedicated exclusively to artistic creation
  - - - from Constantinople
        
        conquered by the Turks
      - to Italy
        
        bring art works
    - - Italian peninsula
      - discovered new remains
- - - - harmony
        
        Classical culture
      - methods
        
        Simplicity
        
        not decorative features
        
        Open spaces
        
        diaphanous spaces
        
        Proportion
        
        symmetrical buildings
        
        distribution
        
        harmony between
        
        vertical
        
        horizontal
    - - Palazzo Pitti
      - Palazzo Medici
      - Plazzo Rucellai
- - - - reflect reality
        
        Ideas of Plato
      - ideal beauty
        
        perfect faces and bodies
      - artists
        
        Botticelli
        
        Raphael Sanzio
        
        Leonardo da Vinci
        
        Michelangelo
    - - elements of a scene
        
        symmetrically
        
        guide observer's view
        
        piramidal composition
      - Michelangelo
        
        imbalance
    - - interested in the anatomy
        
        Michelangelo
        
        Giorgione and Titian
      - nude subjects
        
        Venuses
        
        paintings in the Sistine Chapel
        
        statue David
  - - - expensive materials
        
        marble
      - freestanding sculpture
        
        replaced reliefs
        
        contemplated from all angles
    - - ancient techniques
        
        frescoes on walls
        
        tempera on wood
      - new oil technique
        
        cloth canvasses
        
        oil and mineral pigments
  - - - mythological themes
    - - increased demand
        
        nobles
        
        clergy
        
        bourgeoisie
    - - with many details
      - composition
  - - - Medici family
        
        patron
      - Sandro Botticelli
        
        end of the 15th century
        
        tempera technique
      - inspiration
        
        Classical mythology
        
        nude
        
        disappeared
        
        western art
        
        middle ages
      - symmetry
    - - sculpture
        
        reliefs with various depths
        
        The Gates of Paradise
        
        Lorenzo Ghiberti
      - painting
        
        different planes
        
        figures
        
        background
        
        distant
        
        linear perspective
        
        imaginary lines
        
        with elements
        
        converge at a vanish point in the back
        
        The School of Athens
        
        Raphael Sanzio
      - for reality
        
        volume
        
        depth