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ENERGY CRISIS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY - Coggle Diagram
ENERGY CRISIS AND
RENEWABLE ENERGY
ENERGY RESOURCES
80% FOSSIL FUELS
NEGATIVE EFFECTS
GLOBAL WARMING
AIR QUALITY DETERIORATION
OIL SPILLS
ACID RAINS
10% BIOMASS
5% NUCLEAR
5% RENEWABLES
RENEWABLE ENERGY
RESOURCES
SUNLIGHT - SOLAR ENEGRY
SOLAR POWER PLANT
WIND
WIND POWER PLANT
RAIN (HYDROPOWER)
TIDES
WAVES
GEOTHERMAL
BIOMASS
BIOPOWER
BIOPRODUCTS
BIOFUELS
HOW TO SAVE ENERGY
BUY ELECTRO OR HYBRID CAR
RECYCLE, ESPECIALLY ALUMINUIM
PROMOTE ENERGY-EFFICIENT AND RENEWABLE ENERGY
USE PUBLIC TRANSPORT
INSTALL ENERGY-EFFICIENT APPLIANCES
TURN OFF UNNECESSARY LIGHTS
SOLAR ENERGY
WE CAN USE SOLAR POWER IN 2 WAYS - AS A HEAT OR ENERGY SOURCE
SOLAR COLLECTORS / PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) PANELS
PHOTOVOLTAICS - THE PROCESS OF PRODUCING ELECTRICITY FROM SUNLIGHT
THE MOST ABUNDANT SOURCE (В ИЗБЫТКЕ) AS ONLY ONE HOUR OF THE SUN'S SOLAR ENERGY COULD POWER ALL OF THE WORLD'S ENERGY NEEDS FOR 1 YEAR!!!
HYDRO ENERGY
CLEAN, LOW COST AND RENEWABLE
USES THE FORCE OF FALLING WATER TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY
HOW IT WORKS
• WATER from a river or reservoir flows into the powerhouse.
• Commonly a PENSTOCK, a large pipe that can be above or below ground, is used to direct the water flow.
• TURBINE BLADES are pushed by water flowing through the penstock, causing them to rotate. The shape and angle of the turbine blades transfers the energy of falling water to rotate the shaft.
• SHAFT connects the turbine to the generator, turning at the same speed as the turbine.
• Inside the GENERATOR the spinning shaft turns magnets inside a stationary ring of copper, moving electrons to produce electricity.
• STEP-UP TRANSFORMERS increase the voltage of electricity produced by the generator.
• TRANSMISSION LINES carry high voltage electricity to substations in our communities.
• At SUBSTATIONS the voltage is decreased.
• ELECTRICITY is then distributed to homes and businesses.
• WATER FLOW used to turn the turbines returns to the river.
• SPILLWAYS release water downstream that is not directed to the powerhouse to generate electricity.
WIND POWER
WIND FARMS WITH A LARGE NUMBER OF WIND TURBINES ARE BUILT IN FLAT, OPEN AREAS WHERE THE WIND BLOWS AT LEAST 14 MILES (22.5 KM) PER HOUR
WIND TURBINES ARE USUALLY 4 METERS WIDE AT THE BASE AND 75 METERS TALL AT THE HUB. THE TOTAL HEIGHT IS APPROXIMATELY 120 METERS.
THE WIND TURNS THE BLADES, WHICH SPIN A SHAFT, WHICH CONNECTS TO A GENERATOR AND MAKES ELECTRICITY. THE ELECTRICITY IS SENT THROUGH TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION LINES TO A SUBSTATION, THEN ON TO HOMES, BUSINESSES AND SCHOOLS.
SOME OTHER POWERS
HUMAN POWER - THROUGH OUR OWN BODY MOVEMENTS (WE WILL NEED TO WEAR A SMALL DEVICE THAT COLLECTS AND CONVERTS ENERGY)
HYDROGEN POWER - ALMOST NO POLLUTION!
A COLORLESS, ODORLESS GAR, HYDROGEN ACCOUNTS FOR 74% OF THE MASS OF THE UNIVERSE. TO USE IT, IT MUST BE SEPARATED FROM THE OTHER ELEMENTS (OXYGEN, CARBON AND NITROGEN).
NUCLEAR WASTE POWER
MAGMA POWER
ALGAE POWER