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Italian and German unification, image, image, image, image - Coggle Diagram
Italian and German unification
ITALIAN UNIFICATION
1859–1870
factors which caused a growth
Nationalist and liberal successes
encouraged Italian nationalists
King of Piedmont-Sardinia
Charles Albert
wanted to unite Italy
was defeated
Italian Peninsula divided into 7 states
under Austrian control
Important figures supported it
Napoleon III
King Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont-Sardinia
Cavour
initiated by Piedmont-Sardinia
In the south
Garibaldi
conquered the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
in 1860
prestigious politician and military leader
In 1866
Piedmontese and Garibaldi took control of Venetia
In 1870
Rome was occupied and annexed
Italy became a parliamentary monarchy
Rome became the capital
GERMAN UNIFICATION
1866–1871
factors
a desire
to build a solid political union
liberal and nationalist ideas were popular
Frankfurt Parliament tried a
unified state with universal manhood suffrage
Austria and Prussia opposed
the attempt failed
German Confederation
was divided into 39 states
united by the federal Diet
dominated by Austria
In 1834
a customs union established
the Zollverein
encouraged support for a political union
Otto von Bismarck
started the process of unification
prime minister of Prussia
expelled the Austrians from the German Confederation
Battle of Sadowa in 1866
defeated Napoleon III of France
In the second phase
Prussia annexed Alsace-Lorraine from France
German princes united with Prussia
In 1871
Germany the Second Reich
unification process ended
Berlin became the capital
Wilhelm I became emperor
divided into numerous small states
for many centuries
confirmed by the Congress of Vienna
nationalist movements unified them
CONSEQUENCES
affected European international relations
The German Empire
Europe's dominant power
The Austro-Hungarian Empire
lost power
Russian Empire expanded
to gain access to the Mediterranean Sea
towards the Balkans
France's defeat by Prussia
collapse of Napoleon III's Second Empire
replaced by the Third Republic
