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Sources of Energy - Coggle Diagram

- - - - sun's heat or light is converted to another form of energy for use
      - Technologies
        
        Solar thermal (uses heat for heating and electricity)
        
        Solar photovoltaics (turns light into electricity)
    - - Depends on location, season and time
  - - - Electricity
    - - Intermittency issues for power grids
      - NIMBY - not in my back yard - land use, noise and bird disruption
  - - - Mechanical milling
      - Electricity
    - - Run of river
      - Dams
    - - Reliable
      - Cost-competitive
      - Base-load power
      - Flood control
      - Water supply
    - - Change wildlife habitats
      - Block fish passage
      - Not free of CO2 emissions
  - - - Converts the energy from the natural rise and fall of the tides into electricity
    - - Tidal barrages
      - Tidal fences
      - Tidal turbines
    - - Tide cycles don't always match the daily consumption patterns
      - The adoption of tidal has been slow
  - - - Cellulosic
        
        Wood, grass, inedible parts of plants
      - Algae
      - Food crops
        
        Sugar cane, corn, maize for ethanol
        
        Soybean and canola for biodiesel
      - Advanced biofuels
        
        Garbage
        
        Animal fats
        
        Spent cooking oil
    - - Use food to convert into energy
      - potentially connected with deforestation, biodiversity loss, fertilizer and water use
- - - - Black combustible rock made primarily of carbon
      - The higher the grade of coal the cleaner it burns and the more versatile its uses
    - - Anthracite (86-97%)
      - Bituminous (45-86%)
      - Sub-bituminous (35-45%)
      - Lignite (25-35% carbon)
    - - Electricity
        
        40% of today's electricity
      - Heating
    - - Ecological impacts
        
        Air pollution
        
        Acid rain
        
        Smog
  - - - Primarily methane with other hydrocarbons
      - Types: dry and wet
    - - Domestic and industrial heating
      - Electricity
      - Fuel for vehicles
      - Feedstock for fertilizers
    - - Air pollutants
      - Contribution to climate change
      - Colorless, odorless, highly toxic and explosive
  - - - Diesel
      - Jet fuel
      - Gasoline
      - Asphalt
      - Plastics
      - Petrochemicals
    - - Oil-powered transport contributes to greenhouse gas emissions
      - Land-disturbance
      - Creates geopolitical tensions globally
    - - Found in reservoirs
      - Composed of hydrogen and carbon
      - Contains trace elements of sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen
- - - - Ideal for base-load generation