Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
The Integumentary
System, The Integumentary system, Functions of the Skin…
-
The Integumentary system
- The skin is the largest organ of the body, & other than the brain, it's the most complex
- The study of the skin'd functions id refferred to as skin physiology
- The skin & it's layers make up what's called the integumentery system
- Dermatology is the study of the skin, it's structure, functions, diseases, and treatment
- A dermatologist od a physician who specializes in diagnosing & tretinf diseases of the skin, ahor, & nails
Functions of the Skin
- The skin has six primary function:
- Protection: the action of protection, or the state of being protected
- Absorption: the process or action by which one thing absorbs or is absorbed by another
- Secretion: a process by which substances are produced and discharged from a cell, gland, or organ for a particular function in the organism or for excretion
- Excretion: (in living organisms and cells) the process of eliminating or expelling waste matter
- Regulation: a rule or directive made and maintained by an authority
- Sensation: a physical feeling or perception resulting from something that happens to or comes into contact with the body
- The skin contains thousands of pores, which are tiny openings or "passegways"
- A pore can contain a hair follicle, or an opening that contains the root of a hair, whith it
- The skin secretes subum, a complex mixture of fatty substances that keeps the skin soft, supple & pliable
- This layer of sebum on the skin affects the skins pH
- Potential hydrogen (pH) refers to the acidity level of substances. So what does acidity have to do with your skin? It turns out that understanding and maintaining your skin's pH is important to your overall skin health
- A normal pH range is approximately 4.5 to 5.5
-
-
-
Stratum Corneum
- The Passageway into the skin
- The tougher layer
- Keratinpcytes are continually shed & replaced from lowere layers
- Keratinocytes remain in the corneum approx. 28 days before being shed off
Stratum Lucidum
- Found throughout the body, but thickest on the palms of hands & soles of feet
- Transparent
- Keratinocytes of this layer contain desenly oached clear kerstin
- These thick skill ares are where epidermal ridges, or whorls, are located to provide tration, think fingerprint
Stratum Granulosum
- Cells are more regualery shaped & resemble tiny granules
- These granules are dying cells on the way to skin surface
- As keratinpcytes move upward through the layer their nucleus & other components begin to disintegrate & the cells die
Stratum Spinosum
- AKA The spiny layer because the desmosomes that appear as spines between the cells
- These spines provide strength & support between the cells
- Langerhans Cells are also found here & help protect the body from infection
Stratum Germinativum
- The lowest layer of the epidermis
- AKA Basal Layer
-
Collagen
- Holds the body together
- Excessive amounts of collagen may produce thick, raised scars called Keloids
- Breaks down with age & exposure to factors shuch as UV Rays & smoking
Glands
- Apocrine Glands: located under the arm, genitals, & nipples
- Repponsible for body odor
- Eccrine Glands: located throughout the entire body
- Most abundant on the forehead, palms, & soles
- Opens directly onto the skin surface through the pores that are not associated with hair follicles
-
Subcutaneous Layer
- AKA Hypodermis or Subdermis or Subcutis
- Composed, primarily, of fatty tissue
- Provides cushioning & support, like a shock absorber or insulator, to ptotect bones & support other delicate structures