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The political revolutions of the 19th century, image, image, image, image,…
The political revolutions of the 19th century
Revolutions
people not accept
the Restoration
the return of the Ancien Régime
brought an end to absolute monarchy
based on
liberalism, nationalism and democracy.
1820
Spain and Portugal
liberal revolutions
to establish constitutional monarchies
in Portugal succeeded
In Spain
absolutism was re-established
Greece
wanted independence from the Ottoman Empire
in 1821
a liberal-nationalist revolution
was supported by
Russia, Great Britain and France
In 1829
Treaty of Adrianopolis
recognised Greek independence
1830
Belgium
wanted independence from Holland
a nationalist and liberal revolution
Leopold I of Saxe-Coburg
Belgium's constitutional monarch
France
Bourbons returned to the throne
Louis XVIII
ruled from 1814 to 1824
Charles X
ruled from 1824 to 1830
strengthened the absolute monarchy
suppressed liberties
approved various decrees
revolution began
assembly voted for a new king
Louis Philippe of Orleans
Charles X's cousin
ruled as a constitutional monarch
from 1830 to 1848
1848
petite bourgeoisie and workers
advocated democratic principles
access to political power
In France
Louis Philippe abdicated
The Second Republic was established
in 1848
Louis Napoleon Bonaparte
Napoleon's nephew
was elected president
staged a coup
proclaimed himself emperor
in 1852
ruled France until 1870
revolutions failed everywhere
except in France
