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Leg edema - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Jaundice
      - Spider angiomata
      - Palmar erythema
      - Dupuytren’s contracture
      - Asterixis
      - Abdominal fullness
      - Engorged vessel on abdominal wall
        
        case 1
      - Male gynecomastia
      - Encephalopathy
      - caput medusae
  - - - RAAS
      - Vasopressin
      - Sympathetic n.
  - - - Virus infection
        
        B C D type
        
        Diagnosis
        
        Abdominal echo test
        
        Nodular liver surface
        
        Hypoalbuminemia
        
        Hyperbillirubinemia
        
        Ascite
        
        Treatment
        
        Liver transplant
        
        If refractory ascite
        
        3 more items...
        
        If Tense ascite
        
        4 more items...
        
        Splenomegaly
        
        May caused by Blood transmission
      - Alcoholism
- - - - diabetes
      - high blood pressure
      - cardiovascular disease
      - smoking
      - obesity
      - family history
      - old age
    - - nausea
      - vomiting
      - fatigue
      - muscle cramp
      - Shortness of breath
      - Chest pain
      - hyperkalemia
      - elevated serum creatinine
    - - GFR<60
      - GFR>60 with kidney damage
    - - type1 or type2 diabetes
      - hypertension
      - glomerulonephritis
      - interstitial nephritis
      - Polycystic kidney disease
      - obstruction of the urinary tract
      - Vesicoureteral reflux
      - pyelonephritis
    - - dialysis
      - kidney transplant
      - ACEI
      - statin
      - furosemide
  - - - History of diabetes
      - Hepatitis B,C
      - HIV
      - NSAID drugs
    - - periorbital edema
      - weight gain
      - foamy urine
      - swelling of ankle and feet
      - fatique
      - loss of appitide
    - - hypoalbuminemia(4-5g/dl)
      - leukocytosis(4500-11000/mm3)
      - proteinuria(0-3.5g/24hr)
      - Hyperlipidemia
      - Hypercoagulability
    - - Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
      - membranous nephropathy
      - Membranoproliferative GN
      - Minimal change disease
    - - imflammation of the glomerulus causes a defective glomerular barrier
      - Allows the passage of proteolytic enzymes or their precusors
    - - corticosteroid
      - cyclophosphamide
      - cyclosporine
      - apixaban(Anticoagulant)
- - - - d-dimer(0.27-20)
      - ultrasound
      - venogram
    - - pitting edema
      - warm leg
      - leg pain
      - pale or reddish or bluish color over affected area
    - - injury
      - reduced mobility
      - medication
      - hypercoagulibility
    - - low molecular weight heparin
      - warfarin
      - enoxarparin
      - apaxaban
      - compression stockings
      - surgery
  - - - dyspnea
      - crackles of breathing sounds
      - chest pain
      - pale or bluish skin
      - excessive sweating
    - - thromboembolism
    - - CT
      - lung scan
      - d-dimer(0.27-20)
        
        Case3
      - pulmonary angiogram
      - MRI
- - - - Hypertension
      - Type 2 DM
      - age
    - - poor circulation
        
        bilateral pitting edema
        
        Cardiac problems
        
        jugular vein engorgement
      - lung edema
        
        orthopnea
        
        bilateral lower lung basal crackles
    - - supporting therapy
        
        exercise
        
        reduce sodium intake
        
        lose weight
        
        improve life quality
        
        stress management
      - drug
        
        Digitalization
        
        Furosemide
        
        Dopamine
        
        improve heart failure signs and symptoms
        
        help patients live longer
        
        Dobutamine
    - - x-ray
        
        pleural effusion
        
        enlargement of the cardiac silhouette
        
        Kerley B lines
        
        interstitial edema
      - Echocardiogram
        
        dilated left ventricle（reduced ejection fraction）
        
        mitral, tricuspid regurgitation