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New France. - Coggle Diagram
New France.
The Sovereign Council.
Governor
The Governor was one of the people who brought ideas to New France and to the Merchants and Sovereign Council. Many times they had to debate for their ideas to work.
The governor is not like the king, he is below him. Sometimes they would ask for the king to raise his position. If the governor was worthy, the king would promote him.
Intendant
He worked to keep the colony in good order and to make it less dependent on France for meeting its basic needs.
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Bishop of Quebec
The Bishop provided spiritual and moral guidance and founded schools, hospitals, and orphanages.
Members of the Catholic clergy also played an open and active role in governing the colony. The influence of the church became strong even after New France became a British colony in 1763.
The Bishop of Quebec represented the Catholic Church. It was their job to make sure that the Catholic Church was ok and that they had everything they needed.
Soldiers.
The king wanted military men to settle in New France so he offered seigneuries to officers, who then encouraged their soldiers to settle on their land.
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Fur Traders
Merchants
Different types of merchants include blacksmiths, shoemakers, masons, bakers, and butchers.
Many merchants made their living in the fur trade. They imported goods from France and traded these goods with the Innu, the Ouendat, and the Anishinabe.
If you decided to take a stroll through New France settlements, you would find many merchants.
Voyageurs
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The voyageurs were men from New France who traveled between the fur merchants of Montreal and the fur trade posts of the Great Lakes, and eventually further West.
Coureur de Bois
The Coureur de Bois, who sold their furs wherever they could, even in the British colonies.
Coureur de Bois means "runner of the woods". The term comes from the way some men engaged in the fur trade - by "running into the forest" to seek trade with the First Nations.
The coureurs worked independently - for themselves. At first, the government of New France encouraged independent trading. Soon, however, it made independent trading illegal.
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Farmers
Seigneurs
Most seigneurs were men from noble families, but women and commoners could also become seigneurs.
To keep their land grants, seigneurs had to recruit settlers- habitants - to farm it. They also had to build a house for themselves, and a flour mill, and a church for the habitants.
Seigneuries were large plots of land owned by seigneurs-or landlords- who received the land as grants from the king of France.
Habiitants
Habitants mean "inhabitants" -people who inhabit the land. They would have been called Payson (peasants) in France because they barely owned anything.
In exchange for the right to establish a farm, habitants had to clear the land, plant crops, and build a house. They also had to pay the seigneur's miller to grind their grain into flour and give a few days of labor each year to the seigneur.
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