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Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), Deposition of atherosclerotic plaques in…

- - - - Angina / Chest Pain
        
        a) Stable Angina
        
        Only occurs during exertion
        
        High oxygen demand & blood supply need
        
        b) Unstable Angina
        
        Occurs during exertion and resting.
  - - - Incomplete occlusion in the blood vessel
        
        Myocardial ischaemia and infarction.
        
        Non STEMI (Non ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction)
        
        Reduced blood flow to the cardiomyocytes
  - - - Total/Complete occlusion in the blood vessel
        
        No oxygen supply to the cardiomyocytes.
        
        Death/Necrosis of cardiomyocytes
        
        STEMI (ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction)
        
        Myocardial ischaemia and infarction.
- - - - a) Ischaemic Heart DIsease
        
        Due to coronary atherosclerosis/plaque buildup in coronary arteries
        
        Incomplete occlusion
        
        Reduced blood flow and oxygen supplies to the heart tissue
        
        Damage to myocardium
        
        Heart unable to contract forcibly and efficiently
        
        Complete occlusion
        
        Myocardial infarction / Heart attack
        
        Formation of scar tissue
      - a) Long term Hypertension
        
        High arterial pressure in systemic circulation
        
        Left ventricle harder to pump the blood out
        
        Myocardium hypertrophy/Growth of the heart muscle
        
        Increase in oxygen demand
        
        Coronary arteries squeezed down by the extra muscle
        
        Less blood delivered to cardiomyocytes
        
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    - - Long term Hypertension
        
        Left ventricular concentric hypertrophy
        
        New sarcoomeres generated in parallel with existing sarcomere
        
        Enlarged heart muscle wall crowds into the ventricular chamber space
        
        Less room for blood filling