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Electricty and heat transfer and energy - Coggle Diagram
Electricty and heat transfer and energy
Electricity
Electrical Conductors
Metals, Copper, Steel, Gold and aluminium
Where charges can move freely through a substance, Sea of delocalised electrons.
Electrical Insulators
Glass, Paper and Plastic
Where the atoms are tightly bound and unable to move.
Series and parallel
Series voltage is shared, current remains the same
Parallel, current is shared, but voltage isn't
If one item in a parallel is affected, none of the others are, Xmas tree light
If one item is affected the others are.
2.9 how current varies with voltage in wires, resistors, metal filament lamps and diodes, and how this can be investigated experimentally
Filament is an S shaped curve
Resistor is directly proportional
Diode is exponential from origin
2.10, as resistance increases the current decreases
2.11, as the variable from LDRs and Thermistors increases the resistance decreases.
Equations: V=IR Charge=It
A volt = one joule by coulomb
Heat transfer
Conduction
The transfer of kinetic energy in particles through them hitting each other.
Convection
As the liquid is heated, some areas becoming hotter, less dense rises, cold water replaces, making a convection current
Radiation
IR radiation, can pass through wall of most objects, no medium
Surfaces
Light and shiny surfaces are good reflectors of IR and therefore poor absorber
Dark and dull surfaces are bad reflectors, and therefore good absorbers
Good absorber heat up faster
Energy
stores
Chemical
Magnetic
Thermal
Electrostatic
Elastic
Graviational
nuclear
Kinetic
Transfers
Mechanically
Electrically
Heat
Radiation
Conservation of energy= energy can not be created or destroyed, just transferred into different stores