Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
human transport - Coggle Diagram
human transport
-
platelets
-
Platelets are fragments of cells that are involved in blood clotting and forming scabs where the skin has been cut or punctured
-
-
Platelets release chemicals that cause soluble fibrinogen proteins to convert into insoluble fibrin and form an insoluble mesh across the wound, trapping red blood cells and therefore forming a clot
The clot eventually dries and develops into a scab to protect the wound from bacteria entering, as well as preventing continued blood loss from wounds
-
the heart
the heart muscle is a double pump, with oxygenated blood entering the left side form the lungs and is pumped to the rest of the body and deoxygenated blood from the body entering the right side of the heart and is pumped to the lungs (pulmonary circuit)
-
there are also coronary arteries that supply the cardiac muscle tissue of the heart with oxygenated blood.
-
-
-
capillaries
-
-
one cell thick wall - allows transport of oxygen and nutrient into the body cells and waste out of the cells
deliver oxygen, glucose, amino acids and water to the cells
-
-
-
heart rate
-
the heart pumps blood around the body to supply oxygen and glucose to respiring cells. during exercise, the cells respire more, in order to provide energy for muscle contraction. therefore more oxygen and glucose is needed, so heart rate increases to deliver this.
-
red blood cells
-
adaptations
They are full of haemoglobin, a protein that binds to oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin
-
The shape of a red blood cell is described as being a ‘biconcave disk’ this shape gives them a large surface area to volume ratio to maximise diffusion of oxygen in and out
coronary heart disease
when coronary arteries get blocked by cholesterol deposits, arteries become narrowed, meaning blood flow is reduced, so less O2 to heart muscle for aerobic respiration which can cause a heart attack
risk factors
obesity
puts strain on heart, and is often linked with diabetes
high blood pressure
high BP is often caused by excess salt in diet, meaning water is retained
-
smoking
chemicals in smoke increase deposits on artery walls, raise BP and can cause clots
blood
blood consists of
red blood cells
-
biconcave disks containing no nucleus, but lots of haemoglobin
white blood cells
large cells containing a big nucleus, different types have slightly different structures and functions
-
-
-
-