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European Political Revolutions - Coggle Diagram
European Political Revolutions
Causes of French Revolution
In order to solve the unbridled luxury of the court, those of his wife - the Austrian Marie Antoinette (1755-1793) - and the fiscal crisis, Louis XVI (1754-1793), on the throne in 1774, authorized a tax reform for the privileged (nobility and clergy) to pay taxes. This produced what is known as the rebellion of the privileged, the total opposition of nobility and clergy to said reform. }
2. The Three Estates
During the reign of the monarchs in France, there were three estates, with everyone belonging to one.
The Estates are social classes consisting of:
First Estate
First Estate were the clergy or leaders of the Church. The Church-owned land and individuals took care of this land for them, however, they were not responsible for paying taxes on this land. They did send a small amount of money to the government each year as a gift.
Second Estate
The Second Estate consisted of the nobles. These people were born into this position of wealth and prestige. They paid very little in taxes, despite their wealth and they had rights over peasant lands and received priority in getting top jobs in government.
Third Estate
The Third Estate included everyone else from the middle class down, from doctors to lawyers to the homeless and poor. This was the largest Estate, with roughly 98% of the population included in it. The middle class of France is referred to as the Bourgeoisie.
French Revolution
The unequal distribution of wealth and power among the three states or estates of French society became more acute in the eighteenth century.The clergy (first State) and the nobility (second State) were the privileged: they did not pay taxes, they owned most of the land, they received fees and alms from the peasants. The third State or plain State lacked privileges and had to pay taxes.
From the take of the Bastille to the Regime of Terror
On 14th of July 1789, the masses rose and seized the medieval fortress, known as The Bastilla. End of the Former Regime and the beginning of the French Revolution.
