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Leukemia - Coggle Diagram
Leukemia
Malignancy in blood cells
Cause
No single
cause
Combination
of factors
Genetic
Environmental
Chemical agents
Chemotherapeutic drugs
Viruses
Radiation
Immunological deficiencies
Mutation in
Pro
to-oncogenes
Promotes
cell growth
Tumour
suppressor
genes
Suppresses
growth
Mutation results to
Oncogene
Hyperproliferation in bone marrow
Hypercellular bone marrow
4 more items...
Types
Myeloid
stem cells
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)
Myeloblasts
80% acute leukemias in adult
Result
Pancytopenia
Low RBC
Low platelets
Low/High WBC
"High" in CBC coz impostor/immature are counted cells
Should be low WBC
Neutropenia
High LDH
Hyperkalemia
Hyperuricemia
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
Result
Lab results
Low RBC
Low platelets
High count early, low count later
WBC
Normal/Low monocytes
Normal lymphocytes
Neutrophilia
Coz cancer in granulocytes
High LDH
More
mature neoplastic granulocytes
Chronic stable
phase
Blastic
phase/acute aggressive
When space and resources start to become limited
Contain
Philadelphia
chromosome
Lymphoid
stem cells
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)
Lymphoblast
Mostly in
children
Result
Pancytopenia
Low RBC
Low platelets
Low/High WBC
"High" in CBC coz impostor/immature are counted cells
Should be low WBC
Neutropenia
High LDH
Hyperkalemia
Hyperuricemia
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Most
common in adults
Neoplastic
unfunctional B lymphocytes
proliferate in
lymph nodes
Lack of functional B cells
Infection
Enlarged nodes
Puts pressure on organs
Lymphadenopathy
Result
Infiltrates bone marrow
Mild Anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Increased WBC, lymphocytes
Cancer of lymphoid stem cells
Most are
B-origin/cells
Treatment
Colony stimulating factors
Stem cell transplant
Eradicates
patient's hematopoietic
stem
cells
Replaced by
donor stem
cells
Tries to replace all leukemic cells with normal healthy cells
Done with chemotherapy
Chemotherapy
Stomatitis
On oral mucosa
Diarrhea
Inflammation of intestines, rectum, anus
Nausea
Vomiting
Alopecia
Hair loss
Carcinogenesis