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Heavy metals - Coggle Diagram
Heavy metals
Effects of heavy metals
Arsenic
Acute arsenic poisoning can lead to the destruction of blood vessels, gastrointestinal tissue and can affect the heart and brain
Long-term exposure can lead to the formation of skin lesions, pulmonary disease, neurological problems, peripheral vascular disease mellitus, hypertension and cardiovascular disease.
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Lead
Toxicity due to lead exposure is called lead poisoning. Lead poisoning is mostly related to the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system in children and adults . Lead poisoning can be either acute or chronic. Acute exposure of lead can cause headache, loss of appetite, abdominal pain etc.
mercury
Exposure to elevated levels of metallic, inorganic and organic mercury can damage the kidney, brain and developing fetus
Iron
Iron salts such as iron sulfate, iron sulfate heptahydrate and iron sulfate monohydrate are of low acute toxicity when exposure is through dermal, oral and inhalation routes.
Chromium
Chromium (VI) has the tendency to be corrosive and also to cause allergic reactions to the body. Therefore, breathing high levels of chromium (VI) can cause irritation to the lining of the nose and nose ulcers. It can also cause anemia, irritations and ulcers in the small intestine and stomach, damage sperm and male reproductive system.
Heavy metal pollution
Air
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Water
approximately 1,108, 000 tonnes of heavy metals are released into the water every year worldwide. The main sources of water pollution are domestic sewage and industrial effluents; power plants; and atmospheric fallout.
Soil
The main sources of atmospheric metal pollution are mining, smelting and refining of metals; burning of fossil fuels; production and use of metallic commercial products; and vehicular exhaust..Approximately 734,000 tonnes of heavy metals are released into the atmosphere every year worldwide.
Besides air and water, approximately 6,209,000 tonnes of heavy metals enter the soil every year through agricultural and animal wastes; municipal and industrial sewage; coal ashes; fertilisers; discarded manufactured goods; and atmospheric fallout.Soil contamination should be a primary concern as India relies heavily on agriculture.