The political revolutions of the 19th century
The revolutions of the 1820s
The revolutions of the 1830
The revolutions of the 1848
Liberal revolutions to establish constitutional monarchies
Belgium wanted independence from Holland
Bourbons returned to the throne
In Portugal succeded
In Spain absolutism was re-established
Greece wanted independence from Ottoman Empire
Supported by countries who wanted to end Ottoman power in the Mediterranean
Finally, treaty of Adrianopolis recognised Greek independence
Many differences in language and religion
Nationalist and liberal revolution in 1830 gave its independence
Leopold I of Saxe-Coburg became his constitutional monarch
Charles X ruled from 1824 to 1830
Louis XVIII ruled from 1814 to 1824
Approved decrees without consulting the Legislative Assembly
Louis Philippe of Orleans became constitutional monarch
In France
Bourgeoisie and workers advocated democratic principles
Petite bourgeoisie and workers were successful securing democratic objectives
Second Republic was established
Louis Napoleon Bonaparte (Napoleon III) became president