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ETHIOPIA: CHANGING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT - Coggle Diagram
ETHIOPIA: CHANGING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
where is Ethiopia?
In the centre east of Africa and its bordered by six other countries
What is Ethiopia's environmental context?
Landscape - Ethiopian highlands in the west rise to 4500 metres. these areas are cooler than the lowlands, soils are thin and the landscape is challenging for communications and machinery. The highlands are the place to farm but is suffering from overgrazing, soil erosion and desertification.
Climate - Ethiopia has three climatic regions. rainfall is unreliable and can lead to drought, food production is high, especially in the cooler wetter regions.
Ecosystems - Ethiopia has mountains, woodlands and wetlands. Tropical savanna grasslands fringe the highlands and deserts. Biodiversity is high, thousands of species of plants, birds, animals including endangered species
Natural resources - Ethiopia has reserves of gold, oil and gas but these have yet to be fully exploited.
How has Ethiopia's economy developed?
Ethiopia is an LIDC is it one of the worlds poorest countries, average incomes are significantly lower than the world average.
Ethiopia's imports and exports
Ethiopia's imports - top five imports - petrol, trucks, fertilisers, construction and wheat - this indicates that Ethiopia is striving for economic development.
Ethiopia's exports - dominated by agricultural produce particularly food and flowers, the economy is vulnerable to factors affecting production, weather and climate and global economies witch will affect world prices
Ethiopia's trading partners - has a strong trading relations with several countries including Chine, India, Germany
changes in employment, social factors and technological developments
employment structure - Ethiopia's economy is nominated by agriculture, which accounts for 80 percent of employment. most people are involved in subsistence (on producing enought goods to meet basic needs) growing crops in the highlands and rearing livestock in the hotter and drier lowlands.
Education and health care - access to education and health has has improved as a result of massive government investment and support from overseas
Aid projects- Oxfam's goat aid provides a par of goats to young girls who are encouraged to breed and create a commercial flock. the goats produce milk that can e made into cheese, improving health. Surplus can be sold and money used to invest in clothes food and education. This project deliberately targets girls to raise their status and security, and tack social ills such as prostitution,, forced marriages and early pregnancies
Rostow's model of economic development?
Most LIDCs are in the first two stages of the model.
ACs are in stages 4 and 5 experiencing high levels of consumption.
Ethiopia is stage 2 whilst still a largely traditional society dominated by agriculture there have been some improvements in education and healthcare
The majority of the world's population living in urban areas