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Nervous System Karla Diaz P.2 - Coggle Diagram
Nervous System
Karla Diaz P.2
Major divisions & subdivisions in nervous system
The peripheral nervous system(PNS)
The central nervous system(CNS)
Major parts & functions of the brain
Cerebellum:
-maintains body posture and balance
-at the back of the brain
Cerebrum:
-largest portion of the mature brain
-provides interpretation of sensory input, intelligance, personality, integrates information for reasoning, & stores information for memory
brainstem:
-at the base of the brain
-sends signal from your brain to the rest of your body
-heartbeat
-breathing
-consist of, midbrain, pons, & medulla obloagata
Major Parts & Functions in nervous system
sensory input
functions:
-information travels from receptors to sonsory neurons, than transport information into the CNS
integration
functions:
-coordination of sensory information in the CNS
motor output
functions:
-muscles or glands are called effectors, because they cause an effect in response to directions from the nervous system
Tissues
Neurons
neurogila
Neurons: a cell that communicates with other cells
Bipolar neurons:
-only two extensions, an axon & a dendrite
-found in the eyes, nose, & ears
Unipolar neurons:
-a neurite extends from the cell body
-located within the skin, joints, muscles, and internal organs
Sensory neurons:
-nerve cells that are activated by sensory input
-afferent
-located in the dorsal ganglia of the spinal cord
Interneurons:
-multipolar neurons lying within the CNS
-found in the central nervous system
Motor neurons:
-multiple neurons that conduct impulses from the CNS to peripherel effectors
Multipolar neurons:
-a neuron that posseses a single axon and multiple dendrites
-found in autonomic ganglia
Cranial Nerves
Olfactory nerve
-transmits sensory information to your brain, like smelling
Optic Nerve
-the sensory nerve that involves vision
Oculomotor nerve
-has two different motor functions, the muscle function and pupil function
Trochlear nerve
-controls your superior oblique muscle (responsible for downward, outward, inward eye movements)
Trigeminal nerve
-our largest cranial nerve
-has both sensory and motor functions
Abducens nerve
-controls another muscle, called the lateral rectus muscle
Facial nerve
-face expersions
-taste
-communicating sensations from the outer parts of our ear
Vestibulocochlear nerve
-hearing and balance
Glossopharyngeal nerve
-sense of taste for back of tounge
-sends information to your sinuses, back of throat , parts of your inner ear, and the back part of your tounge
Vagus nerve
-communicating sensation information from your ear canals and some parts of your throat
Accesory nerve:
-controls muscle that allow you to rotate, flex, and extend your neck and shoulders
Hypoglossal nerve
-responsible for movement of most muscles in our tounge
Spinal Nerves
8 cervical
-provide functional control and sensation to different parts of the body
12 thoracic
-help control the rib cage, lungs, diaphragm, and muscles all to help breath
5 lumbar
-control movements of the hip and knee muscles
1 coccygeal
-spinal nerves emeraging from the coccygeal region of the spinal cord
Reflex arc
1st step: Sensor
2nd step: Sensory Neuron
3rd step: Control Center
4th step: Motor Neuron
5th step: Muscle
Neurotransmitters:
chemical messengers in the body
-stored in synaptic vesicles
Autonomic Nervous System vs Somatic Nervous System
Compare:
-both are two components of the peripheral nervous system
-both are involved in controlling muscular movements of the body
Contrast:
-somatic has sensory and motor pathways
-autonomic has only motor pathways
-autonomic only controls internal organs, and glands
-somatic controls muscles and movements