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Topic 5- Ethiopia - Coggle Diagram
Topic 5- Ethiopia
GOAT AID
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Goats produce milk- make cheese, improving health
extra produce can be sold and money can be used for clothes, food and education
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These areas already suffer water and food shortages, animals will make it worse
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Political links
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1974-87
Military coup supported by Soviet Union & Cuba, communist regime. People killed and land lost. Agricultural productivity declined. Famine was triggered by high food prices & drought killed 1 million people
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1987-2001
Ethiopia became Federal Democratic Government. New government promoted tree trade & gave farmers free fertiliser to increase food production.
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2001+
Long-term aid has helped Ethiopia's development. Government is stable & money has been invested in the Growth and Transformation Plan to improve agricultural productivity.
Employment, social factors and technology
Employment structure
Economy is mostly from agriculture, (80% of employment)
Most people do subsistence farming (producing enough to meet own needs with none spare) ,grow crops and rear livestock in hotter and dryer lowlands.
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Education
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education quality varies, literacy rate is just 36%
Healthcare
Ethiopia is large with growing population, birthrates are falling as life expectancy is rising
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Technology
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2015- 4% had internet, 12% had phones, there is no credit cards or banking systems
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International trade
Imports
Top 5 imports are petroleum, trucks, fertilisers, construction & wheat. Petroleum to fuel industry and transport. Trucks to improve transport. Fertilisers to improve agricultural production. Construction equipment for building.
Exports
Ethiopia's exports are mostly agricultural produce, food and flowers. Oilseed is the most important export. Crops are grown in wetter Ethiopian highlands.
Dependence on commodities means economy is vulnerable to factors affecting production - weather, climate & global economics, will affect world prices.
Issues with ground transport & storage affect quantity and quality of food exports. Much of it is low value, and has limited value processing.
Trading partners
Strong trading relations - China, India, Saudi Arabia, Germany & Switzerland. China receives 21% of exports and give 11% imports.
Ethiopia has a trade deficit where export goods have the value of US$3 billion but imports are US$11 million.
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Economy development
Ethiopia is an LIDC, with HDI of 0.435. It is one of the worlds poorest countries. GNI of US$505 per capita, average incomes are much lower that world average of US$10,858 per capita,