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Economic Anthropology, Mode of production, Three phases of economic…
Economic Anthropology
economic anthropology is a study of livelihoods: how humans work to obtain the material necessities such as food, clothing, and shelter that sustain our lives
Focusing on how people produce, exchange and consume material objects and the role that immaterial things such as labor, services and knowledge play in our effects to secure livelihood.
Mode of production
Tributary production
The tributary mode of production is found in social systems divided into classes of rulers and subjects. Subjects, typically farmers and/or herders, produce for themselves and their families, but they also
give a proportion of their goods or labor to their rulers as tribute.
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Capitalist Production
An economic system base on private property owned by a capitalist class. Workers do not own the factories. They work in or for the business they work for and sell their labor to other people.
the social relations through which human labor is used to transform energy from nature using tools, skills, organization, and knowledge.
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Modes of exchange
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Redistribution
The accumulation of goods or labor by a particular person or institution for the purpose of dispersal at a later date. Found in all societies.
Markets
They are social institutions with prices or exchange equivalencies. One person gives something and the other receives something.
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Fair Trade
Supports farmers and worker to combat poverty and strengthen their livelihood by establishing a minimum price for as many fair-trade as possible.
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Money
Can be exchanged for all manner of goods and services. A tool for storing wealth and as a way to assign interchangeable values.
Consumption
The process of buying, eating, or using a resource, food, commodity or service.
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Political Economy
An approach that investigates the historical evolution of economic relationships as well as the contemporary political processes and social structures that contribute to differences in income and wealth.
Structural Violence
A form of violence in which a social structure or institution harms people by preventing them from meeting their basic needs.