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School & Society: Mind Map - Coggle Diagram
School & Society: Mind Map
Globalization of Education
Globalization of Educations- refers to the worldwide discussions, processes, and institutions influencing local educational practices and policies
11 basic ideas of consumerist ideology
The 1995 creation of the World Trade Organization (WTO) opened the door to the prospect of free trade in educational materials and services, and the marketing of higher education
Across the globe parents worry about their children's grades and test scores because they are tied to their children's future economic success
The World Bank and the United Nations share a common educational network
The World Bank entered a mutual agreement with the United Nations in 1947, which specified that the Bank would act as an independent specialized agency of the United Nations and as an observer in the United Nations' General Assembly
Education and Equality of Opportunity
Means that all members of a society are given equal chances to pursue wealth and enter any occupation or social class
"All men are created equal"?? -American Declaration of Independence (1776)
The Common-School Model
The Sorting-Machine Model
The High-Stakes Testing Model
Student Diversity
"Land of Immigrants"
Public schools cannot deny admission to a student during initial enrollment or at any other time on the basis of undocumented status
Public schools cannot treat a student differently to determine residency
Public schools cannot require students
Bilingual Education Act (1968)
Delgado v. Bastrop Independent School District
Local Control, Choice, Charter Schools, and Home Schooling
Different types of choice plans: Public School Choice, Public-Private Choice, Failing-School Choice, and Low-Income Private School Vouchers
Zelman v. Simmons-Harris
The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001
Charter schools bypass the control of local school boards and their educational bureaucracies
The Profession of Teaching
Vergara v. California
No Child Left Behind Act requires that public school teachers be "highly qualified"
Race to the Top emphasizes new methods for evaluating teachers and the collection of student test score data to evaluate teacher education programs
Why college students pursue a teaching career? Is because teachers find the greatest reward in interacting with students
Two teachers' unions: National Education Association (NEA) and American Federation of Teachers (AFT)
Pickering v. Board of Education of Township High School (1967
The History and Political Goals of Public Schooling
1820s-1840s: Teaching common moral and political values, equality of opportunity
1880s-1920s: Americanization of immigrants, training labor force for industrialization, reforming urban areas, reforming family life and child care, providing food and medical care, anti-communism
1920s-1940s: Expansion of high schools to control youth problem and keep youth "out" of" the labor market, life-adjustment education
1950s- 1980s: Racial and cultural harmony, War on poverty, educating more scientist and engineers, equality of educational opportunity, career education
1980s- 2003: Community service, preparation for a global economy, control of learning through testing
First Amendment: "Congress shall make no law representing an establishment of religion [Establishment Clause], or prohibiting the free exercise [Free Exercise Clause] thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech [Free Speech Clause], or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances."
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent School District (1969)
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlemier (1988)
The Economic Goals of Schooling: Human Capital, Global Economy, and Preschool
Human Capital Theory
Horace Mann- called "father of American schools"
Two major economic objectives
Deskilling- in some cases teaching involves following a scripted lesson created by some outside agency or when teachers are forced to teach to the requirements of standardized tests
Equality of Educational Opportunity: Race, Gender, and Special Needs
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Takao Ozawa v. United States (1922)
United States v. Bhagat Singh Third (1923)
The 1965 Immigration Act shifted the bias of Immigration laws from favoring European Immigrants
Fourteenth Amendment: "All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law; or deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws."
Students with Disabilities: In 1975, Congress passed Public Law 94-142. the Education for All Handicapped Children Act
Multicultural and Multilingual Education
Dominated cultures- refer to groups that were forcefully incorporated into the United States
Immigrant cultures- refer to the first generation of groups who freely decided to come to the United States
Multicultural Education Movement Leaders: James Bank, Christine Sleeter, Carl Grant, and Sonia Nieto
The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001
The Social Goals of Schooling
Improving children's health with school nurses, doctors, and dentists; regulating student's cleanliness; and providing health instruction
Regulating sexuality through sex education courses
Reducing crimes through moral instruction and character education
Improving the nutrition of student's with school cafeterias and home economics instruction
Creating a sense of community through after-school programs and extracurricular activities and building school spirit
Sex education was promoted in 1926 by the National Education Association's Committee on Character Education
Power and Control at State and National Levels
Beginning in the 1950s, the federal government began using requirements attached to funding to influence local school policies
The 1958 National Defense Education Act (NDEA)
Another form of federal influence on state educations policies is the adoption of the Common Core State Standards released on June 2, 2010 by the National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and the Council of Chief State School Officers
McGraw-Hill and Pearson are the two largest makers of tests
American College Testing Program (ACT)
Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT)