Compare and contrast how the United States developed both national and regional identities between 1776 and 1860.
Views on Race and Labor
Westward Expansion
Industrial North vs Agricultural South
Party politics
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Both North and South held African Americans as the inferior race, creating a racial hierarchy
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Regional Identity- While everyone desired to expand westward, the North and South were divided on how to do it. The biggest debate was whether the new territories should be free or slave states. ex) Missouri Compromise, 36/30 line
National Identity- Westward expansion was something all Americans desired. They wanted to spread American ideals and increase the country's power.
ex) Manifest Destiny
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Freehling: Party divisions were really prevalent
Rep vs Dem:
England noted this in response to ideas of America winning the "moral war"
International Trade
Second Great Awakening, America as a "Christian nation"
Differing approaches to labor and slavery
Split in ideals (political parties). Political divisiveness a part of the country
Industrial-dependent North and Agricultural(slave)-dependent South
Embargo act
South- agriculture, importation to drive down price, immediate
North- domestic industries, factory labor, long-term
Civil War
Dominant industry was manufactured goods for the North and raw materials for the South
Growing American economic independence
Stunted industry in America - ideal of independent farmers temporarily achieved
International- profit/low production cost wanted by all, balance of import/domestic
America as a free nation
Demographic Identity
Regional Identity
National Identity
North had a lot more immigrants in comparison to the South, the South had more African American slaves. This demographic contributed to southern and northern identities of an agrarian lifestyle and an industrial lifestyle, respectively.
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Different regions had different political views. Democratic South and the Republican North
North has a more localized economic system
Border, Middle, and Lower South had different amounts of slavery with its different composition on black and white belts
Border South was mainly neutral in the Civil War.
North developed more advanced railroads than the South