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Chasitty Morales P.6 Nervous System - Coggle Diagram
Chasitty Morales P.6 Nervous System
Reflex arc:A reflex arc is a neural pathway that controls a reflex. In vertebrates, most sensory neurons do not pass directly into the brain, but synapse in the spinal cord
four major reflexes that are integrated within the spinal cord: the stretch reflex, the Golgi tendon reflex, the withdrawal reflex and the crossed extensor reflex.
Classification of neurons:Based on their roles, the neurons found in the human nervous system can be divided into three classes: sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons.
Major parts and functions of the spinal cord:
Motor Functions - directs your body's voluntary muscle movements.
Sensory Functions – monitors sensation of touch, pressure, temperature and pain.
Autonomic Functions – regulates digestion, urination, body temperature, heart rate, and dilation/contraction of blood vessels (blood pressure).
Spinal nerves:Spinal nerves are the major nerves of the body. A total of 31 pairs of spinal nerves control motor, sensory, and other functions. These nerves are located at the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal levels
Major divisions and subdivisions of the nervous system:The nervous system can be divided into two major subdivisions: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS)
CNS: The central nervous system (CNS) is a division of the nervous system whose function is to analyze and integrate various intra- and extrapersonal information, as well as to generate a coordinated response to these stimuli.
PNS:parts of the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord. It includes the cranial nerves, spinal nerves and their roots and branches, peripheral nerves, and neuromuscular junctions.
Tissues:Nervous tissue is composed of neurons, also called nerve cells, and neuroglial cells. Four types of neuroglia found in the CNS are astrocytes, microglial cells, ependymal cells, and oligodendrocytes.
Connective Tissue Coverings:There are three layers of connective tissue: epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium. Skeletal muscle fibers are organized into groups called fascicles.
Action potential & the Nerve Impulse:An action potential, also called a nerve impulse, is an electrical charge that travels along the membrane of a neuron. It can be generated when a neuron's membrane potential is changed by chemical signals from a nearby cell.
Major parts and functions of the brain:
The cerebrum fills up most of your skull. It is involved in remembering, problem solving, thinking, and feeling. ...
The cerebellum sits at the back of your head, under the cerebrum. It controls coordination and balance.
The brain stem sits beneath your cerebrum in front of your cerebellum.
Neurotransmitters:Neurotransmitters are often referred to as the body's chemical messengers. They are the molecules used by the nervous system to transmit messages between neurons, or from neurons to muscles
Major functions of the nervous system:The nervous system is the major controlling, regulatory, and communicating system in the body. It is the center of all mental activity including thought, learning, and memory. Together with the endocrine system, the nervous system is responsible for regulating and maintaining homeostasis.
Compare & contrast the autonomic nervous system:The major differences between the two systems are evident in the responses that each produces. The somatic nervous system causes contraction of skeletal muscles. The autonomic nervous system controls cardiac and smooth muscle, as well as glandular tissue.
The somatic nervous system has sensory and motor pathways, whereas the autonomic nervous system only has motor pathways. The autonomic nervous system controls internal organs and glands, while the somatic nervous system controls muscles and movement.
Cranial Nerves:
The cranial nerves are considered components of the peripheral nervous system, although on a structural level the olfactory, optic and terminal nerves are more accurately considered part of the central nervous system.