Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Nervous System Gladis Vazquez Period 5 - Coggle Diagram
Nervous System Gladis Vazquez Period 5
Major Parts & Functions of Spinal Cord
Functions
Spinal Reflexes
passes through spinal cord
controlled by reflex arc
Descending Tracks
motor info from brain to muscles
carry sensory info to brain
Ascending Tracks
transmit brain impulse
house of spinal reflex
Posterior and Anterior Horns
lateral horn between
upper and lower wings of gray matter
Gray matter
houses inter neurons and neuron cell bodies
butterfly shape
White Matter
has a lot of mylinated nerve fibers
spinal cord has 31 segements
Cervial Enlargement
provides nerves to upper limb
thicken area at the top of spinal cord
Lumbar Enlargement
rise to nerve for the lower limb
thicken region near bottom
Dorsal Root Ganglia
cell bodies enter spinal cord
outside of spinal cord
Central Canal
middle of gray matter has Cerebrospinal fluid
Major Divisions & Subdivisions
Central Nervous System
brain
spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System
somatic fibers connects to skin and skeletal muslce
sensory fibers connect for PNS to sensory receptors of CNS
Classification of Neurons
Interneurons
cell bodies of some interneurons aggregate in nuclei
forms links between other neurons
multipolar neurons laying with CNS
Multipolar Neurons
many dendrites and 1 axon arising from body
most neuron in cell bodies are multipolar
Bipolar Neurons
2 process extending from the cell body
has dendrite and 1 axon
found in special senses; eyes nose and ears
Unipolar Neurons
one process extending from cell body: outisde body
splits into 2 parts functions
one axon
Sensory Neurons
impules from peripheral receptors to CNS
usually unipolar
afferent
Motor Neurons
multipolar neurons
conduct impulese from CNS to perpheral neurons
Connective Tissue Coverings
Endoneurium
covering around each nerve fibers
axons
Epineurium
outer covering of nerves
Perineurium
covering around fascicles of nerve fibers
bundles
Major Parts & Functions of Brain
4 Lobes
Frontal: higher thinking
Parietal: speech
Occipital: visual
Temporal: hearing
4 Parts
Brainstem: coordinates/ regulates visceral activies
Cerebrum: mental function/ sensory & motor function
Diencephalon: controls homeostatic process
Cerebellum: coordinates muscles movement
Action Potential & Nerve Impulse
Impulse Conduction
continuous Conduction
occurs in unmyelinated axon
conduct impulses over the entire length of their membrane
Saltatory Conduction
occurs in mylinated axons
myelin sheath insulates axons from ions movement across the cell membrane
Cranial Nerves
sensory, motor nerve fibers
some are only sensory
others are primarily motor
most arise from brainstem
12 pairs of underside of brain
Spinal Nerves
Two Roots
Ventral Root
Moto
Dorsal Root
sensory
contains dorsal root ganglion
Thoracic Nerves
12 pairs
Cervical Nerves
8 pairs
Lumbar Nerves
5 pairs
Sacral Nerve
5 pairs
Neurotransmitters
released in response to a nerve impulse
communication accomplished by a chemical
stores and released from synaptic cleft
diffused across the cleft and blind to receptors on the membrane of the postsynaptic neuron
more than 100 neurotransmitters
include acetylcholine, amino acids, neuropeptides
actions depends on type of receptors in specific synapse
Compare&Contrast Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathetic Division
fight or flight senses
short preganglionic fibers arise neurons in gray matter
axons leaves spinal cord from the ventral roots
axons leaves spinal nerves,process into sympathetic ganglia
Parasympathetic Divison
rest and digest
long preganglionic fibers arise from brainstem and sacral region
Reflex Arc
receptors
sensory or afferent neurons
central nervous system
motor/ efferent system
Major Functions of Nervous System
motor functions:
nerve impules conducted along motor neurons to effectors
effectors: muscle/glands reacting to CNS
has sensory receptors
detect internal/external changes
info runs through receptors to sensory neurons
thinking, movement, internal process
integrative functions
coordination of sensory CNS
processing info is making a decisions