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Section B - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Impartiality - They serve the Crown, not a specific Gov. They cannot be members of political parties.
      - Anonymity - They are anonymous individuals who should not be identified or associated with specific policies.
      - Permanence - They stay in power when a Gov. leaves office. Expected to serve Gov. irrespective of their composition
- - - - Registered elector for local council area you want to stand for.
      - Have occupied as owner or tenant premises within area for at least 12 months before election.
      - Place of work for last 12 months before election is within local area.
      - Lived in local area for last 12 months before election.
    - - member of local authority
      - hold a politically restricted post
      - If subject to bankruptcy restriction order
      - If sentenced for three months or more 5 years prior to election
      - If disqualified under representative of the People Act 1983.
    - - civil servant
      - member of police force
      - member of armed forces
      - gov-nominated director of commercial company
      - judge
      - member of the legislature of any country or territory outside commonwealth
      - peer who can sit in and vote in house of lords
      - bishop of the Church of England (Lords Spiritual) who are entitled to sit and vote in house of lords.
  - - - member of House of Lords
      - Eu citizens resident in the UK
      - anyone other than British, Irish and commonwealth citizen
      - convicted person in prison
      - anyone found guilty within last 5 years of corrupt of illegal practices connected to election
      - detained under certain sections of the Mental Health Act.
  - - - Allowing weekend voitng
      - changing polling hours
      - opening polling stations in different locations
      - encouraging postal voting and early voting.
      - Compulsory voting
      - Lowering voting age to 16
      - People have suggested online voting or telephone voting
    - - The issues arent important to them
      - Lack of faith in politicians and political process
      - Lack of interest or Apathy
      - A belief that their participation wont make a difference
      - Dont know how to participate
      - Lead busy lives
- - - - A system of Gov. where all citizens take part in decision making. A modern example of this is the use of referendums
    - - A system of the government based on representative democracy and linked to freedoms and rights for citizens. USA, UK and EU follow this type of democracy
    - - A system of Gov based on the the consent of the people through an open, fair electoral. This reflects the opinions and views of the citizens of the country.
    - - A system of government where citizens are elected to represent others in an assembly. A UK example would be a MP or a Councillor
- - - - A voting system used in the UK where voters have a second vote which is used in the election process if no candidate gets 50 percent of the first choice votes
    - - An election system based upon the candidate with the highest number of votes cast being elected
    - - A named geographical area consisting on average of about 65, 000 voters which elects a single MP to the UK parliament
    - - A system of voting whereby the number of people elected relates to the number of voters cast.
  - - - Used to elect Members of the European Parliament in England, Scotland and Wales with each country split into regions which elect several MEPs.
    - - Used for electing MP's in a General Election in the UK and for electing local councilors in local council elections in England and Wales
      - For example, for the General Election the country is divided up into constituencies and each one elects an MP. Each person registered to vote gets one vote and cast their vote by placing a single X on their ballot paper aginat the candidate of their choice
        The candidate with the most votes wins
    - - Used in Northern Ireland to elect Members of the European Parliament, Members of the Northern Ireland Assembly and Local Councillors
      - Voter place candidates in rank order i.e. 1,2,3,4 and so on (1 being your first choice), each electoral elects several people so political parties have several candidates, a candidate is given a specific number of votes they need to be elected
      - If they have more than the required number of votes required their extra votes are allocated to the second choices on ballot papers, after all the extra votes are allocated to the second choices on ballot papers, after all the extra votes are used up the candidates with the smallest total of votes are eliminated and their votes get redistributed.
    - - Used for Scottish Parliament, Welsh Assembly and Greater London Authority. Each elector has 2 votes, the first vote uses the FPTP system, the second vote is for a party list of candidates, each body using this system has a certain amount of member elected by FPTP and certain number chosen from the list
    - - Used to elect directly elected mayors including the Mayor of London
- - - - councils formally have a leader of the council: the leader of the largest group of Councillors or a directly elected mayor who appoint their own cabinet. Many councils still keep the role of a ceremonial mayor. The Councillors who accept these more important roles or who are directly elected mayors receive a much higher level of payment than ordinary Councillors
    - - Councillors on committees monitor the council's performance and decision-making process and hold ti to account for its actions. In councils without a cabinet, these committees have more power as they vote and decide upon council policy
    - - Like central government where the Prime Minister appoints members of the cabinet who are then responsible for departments, the same concept have been introduced into local government. The party or group that has a majority on the council appoint a leader of the council who words with a small group of councilors who are responsible for a service area.
    - - The full council is made up of all elected councilors. The full council debates and decides upon policy based on reports from the various committees.
  - - - Attend civic an community functions
      - Campaign for the best interest of the whole council area.
      - Represent the interest of the community they are elected to serve
      - They represent their political party on the council if they stood under a party label
      - Serve on council committees
    - - Local media report on local councilors
      - Their political party hold them to account for their work as a councilor and can deselect them.
      - The financial expenses claimed from the council by councilors are published.
- - - - PM often appoint special advisors
      - They are additional resource for the Minister, providing assistance from a standpoint that is more politically committed and politically aware than would be available to them from the Civil Service
      - Some people are critical of how much special advisers are consulted compared to Cabinet colleagues
  - - - MP's hold surgeries where they can meet and discuss with constituents. They attend local events and engage with the community.
      - Also campaign for referendoms and local elections
    - - MP's raise constituencies with the Gov.
      - They attend debated and vote one new laws.
      - Usually also members or committees.