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The Education of Students with Special Needs - Coggle Diagram
The Education of Students with
Special Needs
Understanding Special Needs
Heredity and environment influence the
special needs in individuals.
Environmental factors affect the fetus after
conception or the child after birth.
Heredity and environment influence the
special needs in individuals.
The Nature of Special Needs
Emotional/Behavioral
Sensory
Communication
Physical
Learning
Developmental
A disability may be classified as one of
the following:
Developmental Disabilities
Some goals for the care and education of children with developmental disabilities are
as follows:
Mastering basic concepts
Learning self-help skills
Increasing attention span
Expanding language skills
Learning Disabilities
A learning disability involves a disorder inunderstanding or using spoken or written language.
A child with a learning disabilities may be unable to listen,think,spell,or do mathematical problems.
Strategies for Working with Disabled
Children
task analysis
multi-sensory training
behavior modification
Physical Disabilities
educators who care for children with physical disabilities need to learn about each child's special needs.
Sensory Disabilities
educators who work with visually impaired children can aid their development in many ways.
Educators who work with children who have hearing impairments need to be aware of each
child’s individual needs.
Communication Disorders
Accept and reinforce all attempts by the
child to use speech
Be a good speech model
Emotional/Behavioral Disorders
Destruction of property
Inability to stay with a task or wait to be
rewarded
Defiant toward adults
Hyperactive-aggressive
Anxious-withdrawn
Ability to be easily frustrated
Excessive dependence on adults and peer
leaders
Fearfulness
Effective Instructional Practices for
Teaching Positive Behavior
Classroom expectations are clearly
presented as related to school-wide rules.
classroom expectations are taught,reviewedand promoted throughout the school day.
Effective Instructional Practices for
Teaching Positive Behavior
Teacher refrains from using reprimand.
teacher provides verbal reinforcement for acheiving acedemic goals.
The classroom is arranged to minimize
distractions.
Evidence-based Interventions
for Behavior
Forming an intervention plan
Providing documentation
Monitoring
Reviewing
Roles Of Special Needs Professionals
Appreciation of individual differences
Arranging the environment
Assessment
Encouraging cooperation
Encouraging independence
Encouraging positive interactions
Mainstreaming/Inclusion
Schedule planning
Instructional Strategies for Classrooms
Direct instruction used for the entire
class
Small group instruction for a portion of
the class
Differentiated instruction for an
individual student
Modifying Your Instruction to Accommodate the
Special Needs Students
attention and memory
concept development
functional use of objects and symbolic
play
pre-vocabulary/vocabulary
self-direction