Cerebrum (associated with higher mental, sensory and motor functions, the main, largest part of the brain) works to interpret sensory input, store info for memory, form intelligence and personality, integrate info for reasoning, and to initiate voluntary muscle movements.
Cerebral Cortex a thin layer of gray matter lining the outside of the cerebrum, contains 75% of neuron cell bodies in the nervous system. White matter sits slightly beneath the cortex , consisting of myelinated nerve fibers which connect the neuron cell bodies of the cerebral cortex to the remainder of the nervous system. Basal Nuclei are masses of gray matter located deep within cerebral hemispheres, they help facillitate voluntary movement.
Sensory Areas located inside the cerebrum, they assist in interpreting sensory input. Sensory fibers from the peripheral nervous system cross over in spinal cord or brainstem, resulting in sensory impulses from the right of the body being interpreted by centers in the left cerebral hemisphere.
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The posterior temporal lobe is dedicated to audio sensing, which is why its also known as the auditory area.
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Associating Areas analyze and interpret sensory impulses, functioning in reasoning, emoting, judging, verbalizing ideas and storing memory, different lobes of the cerebrum carry out different tasks. Associating areas next to sensory areas is something that is crucial to ensure that sensory inputs are analyzed.
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The occipital lobe carries out the task of analyzing visual patterns (it helps us make sense of what we see, which is why if this part is damaged, you would have a harder time knowing what you look at).
General interpretive area located at the junction of parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes, playing a primary role in thought processing and integration.
Broca's motor speech area located on the left hand side of the frontal lobe, this helps to control the muscles that help us speak.
Primary motor cortex located in the posterior frontal lobes, anterior to the central sulcus.