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CHEM - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Reactivity:
        (weakest bond, low b.e) CI>CB>CCl> CF (strongest bond,donot react easily, high bond energy)
        
        GRINARD REAGENT: (-ve)CH3CH2--Mg(+ve)--X(-ve)
        -presence of dry ether (moisture,alcohol free)
        
        Reactivity for given halogen:
        (most reactive)CH3X>C2H5X>C3H7X(least reactive)
- - - - i. raney nickel Ni
        ii. 100 C
        iv. CCL4
        vi. Ag2O
        vii. zinc
- - - - i. Ni, Pt, Pd
        ii. CCL4
        iii. forms vinyl bromide
        v. HgSO4 & H2SO4- 75 C
- - - - DIRECTING GROUPS-
        
        meta- electron withdrawing grps.
        e.g NR3, CN (triple bond), COOH, CHO, COR.
        
        Priority order(numbering and naming-
        COOH, CN, CHO, COCH3, OH, NH2, OR, R.
        
        ortho & para- electron donating grps.
        e.g. N(CH3)2, NH2, OH, OCH3, Cl, Br, I.
- - - - Reactivity:
        when C-O breaks- ter> sec> primary alcohol
        when O-H breaks- CH3OH>primary> sec> ter.
        Dehydration rate: (easily) ter>sec>pri (hard)