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Nervous System, Karina Salazar, P.2 - Coggle Diagram
Nervous System, Karina Salazar, P.2
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Cranial nerves
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The first pair arises from the cerebrum, and the second pair from the thalamus, but most arise from the brainstem. The 12 pairs are designated by number and name; from superior to inferior
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2.) Optic sensory, fibers conduct impulses associated with the sense of vision
3.) Oculomotor; primarely motor, motor fibers conduct impulses to muscles that raise eyelids, move eyes, adjust the amount of light entering the eyes and focuses the lenses
4.) Trochlear: primarily motor, motor fibers conduct impulses to muscles that move the eyes
5.) Trigeminal: mixed, has 3 subdivisions, opthamalic division, maxillary division, mandibular division
6.) Abducens: primarily motor, motor sibers conduct impulses to muscles that move the eyes
7.) Facial: Mixed, sensory fibers conduct impulses associated with taste receptors of the anterior tongue motor fibers conduct impulses to muscles of facial expressions, tear glands and salivary glands
8.) Vestbulochlear: sensory, is divided into 2 subdivisions, the vestibular branch and the cochlear branch
9.) Glossopharyngeal: mixed, sensory fibers conduct impulses from the pharync, tonsils, posterior tongue, and carotid artieris
10.) Vagus: mixed, somatic motor fibers conduct impulses to muscles associated with speech and swallowing
11.) Accessory: primarily motor, divided into the cranial and spinal branch. Motor fibers conduct impulses to muscles of the soft palate
12.) Hypoglossal: primarily motor, motor fibers conduct impulses to muscles that move the tongue
Spinal nerves
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8 pairs of cervical nerves, 12 pairs of thoracic nerves, 5 pairs of lumbar nerves, 5 pairs of sacral nerves and 1 pair of coccygeal nerves
The main branches of spinal nerves, except in the thoracic region, from networks called plexuses
Cervical Plexuses (C1-C4): lie on either side of the neck; supply muscles and skin of the neck; include the phrenic nerves, which control the diaphragm
Brachial plexuses (C5-T1); arise from lower cervical and upper thoracic nerves which supply muscles and skin of arms forearms and hands; lead into the upper limbs; include the musculocutaneous, ulnar, median, radial, and axillary nerves
Lumbosacral Plexuses (L1-S4); arise from the lower spinal cord: supply muscles and skin of the lower abdomen, external genitalia, buttocks and legs
Neurotransmitters
chemical messengers that convey messages through space. They send electrical impulses from a neuron to another cell. Neurotransmitters are released in response to a nerve impulse
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