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Alyssa Villanueva Nervous Map P.7 - Coggle Diagram
Alyssa Villanueva Nervous Map P.7
Tissue
neurons
cells that communicate via electrical impulses with other neurons or other tissues
neuroglia
cells that support nourish protect and insulate neurons
Neurotransmitters
chemical messengers in a synapse that convey an electrical impulse from a neuron to another cell
Major parts and functions of the brain
cerebellum
muscular activity
brainstem
connects different parts of the nervous system
diencephalon
sensory input and controls many homeostatic processes
cerebrum
higher mental functions, sensory, motor functions
Major functions of the nervous system
integration and processing
processing of the information is the basis for decision making, coordinates of sensory information in the cns
motor input
effectors - muscles/ glands that respond to decision made in the cns
sensory input
produced by sensory receptors, which detect internal/ external changes
Major divisions and subdivisions of the nervous system
CNS
made up of the brain and spinal cord. responsible for integration of info and decision making
microgila,
produce scar tissues in sites of injury
oligodendrocytes
dorm the myelin seath around axons in th e brain and spinal cord
, ependymal cells
produce cerebrospinal fluid in CNS
PNS
made up of cranial and spinal nerves that connect the cns to the rest of the body
somatic - voluntary
automatic - involuntary
Spinal nerves
31 pairs
12- thoracic, 8- cerviacal nerves, 5 - lumbar, 5- sacral, 1- coccygeal
Classification of neurons
interneurons
multi polar neurons lying within the cns
motor neurons
multipolar neurons that conduct impulses to the cns to peripheral effectors
sensory neurons
conduct impulses from peripheral receptors to cns
Connective Tissue Coverings
perineurium
covering around fascicles (bundles) of nerve fibers
epinerium
outer covering of a nerve
endonerium
covers around individual nerve fibers (Axons)
Compare & contrast the autonomic nervous system
parasympathetic division
normal/ restful conditions
sympathetic division
active in conditions of stress or emergencies
Cranial nerves
12 pairs that arise from the underside of the brain
mosr are mixed nerves containing sensory and motor nerve fibers, some are only sensory and other are primarily motor
Major parts and functions of the spinal cord
lumbar enlargment
a thickened region near the bottom of the spinal cord
cauda equina (horse tail)
consist of spinal nerves in lumbar and sacral area
cervicel enlargments
provides nerves to upper limbs
functions
major functions
transmits impulses to and form the brain
ascending tracts
carry sensory information to the brain
descending tracts
carry motor information from to muscle / glands
spinal reflexs
controlled by reflex arcs that pass through the spinal cord
Action potential & the Nerve Impulse
norepinephrine
pns
stimulates skeletal muscle contractions at neuromuscular junctions
cns
controls skeletal muscle actions
acetylcholine
cns
creates a sense of feeling good
pns
may excite or inhabit autonomic nervous system actions depending on receptors
reflex arc
a neural pathway that controls a reflex
disorders associated with the nervous system
Motor neurone disease, Parkinson's disease