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Folding and Faulting - Coggle Diagram
Folding and Faulting
Keywords
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Ductile
Rock flexible, changes shape without breaking.
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Shearing
Rock moved laterally, opposite directions, crust torn apart.
Faulting
Formation
- Rock under too much pressure, factures and breaks, forms faults.
- Rock finally breaks, sudden release of pressure causes rock to move rapidly in lateral direction. Rock displacement.
- Impacts hugely on landscape formation and change.
How does it occur?
- Compression: Rock is pushed together as pressure is exerted from both sides.
- While process in process, main movement upwards.
- Compression: key movement to formation of reverse fault.
Types
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Normal
Streching of crust, tension, pulls rock apart, crust gets thinner, movement is downwards, forms constructive boundary.
Transform
Crust moves laterally, forms passive boundary.
DF
Caused by compression, tension+tearing out of rock.
Types
Asymmetrical
Pressure from one plate is slightly greater than other plate, fold is formed. Limb is steeper.
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Folding
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Formation
- Rock shaped by weathering and erosion.
- Rocks close to surface: hard and brittle; break easily when pressure is subjected.
- Rocks that are buried deeper in Earth; heated+compressed; ductile.
- Ability to buckle and bend+pressure from plate movement : formation of fold mountains.
Types
Continential-Oceanic
- Collide; heavier oceanic plate subducts into mantle before melting.
- Convergence of CO plates creates FM on coastlines of continential plate.
- As process happens, pressure causes edges of continental plate to buckle upwards.
EG: Andes Mountains, South America.
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