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WEST AND EAST TIMELINE ARCHITECTURE HISTORY FROM EARLY TO MIDDLE AGE,…
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Gothic architecture was also known as the French style but during the renaissance, French style had fallen out of fashion and the trend moved into renaissance architecture. During the Renaissance era architects and builders were inspired by the carefully proportioned buildings of ancient Greece and Rome. Italian Renaissance master Andrea Palladio were the one who impact the passion for classical architecture.
Pallalo came up with the ideas that classical rules could also be used for private villas not only for grand temples in his book Quattro Libri dell' Architettura, or The Four Books of Architecture. The work of the Renaissance masters spread across Europe, and long after the era ended, architects in the Western world would find inspiration in the beautifully proportioned architecture of the period. In the United States its descendant designs have been called neoclassical.
The Hellenistic built elaborate temples and secular buildings with Ionic and Corinthian columns. Their period ended on 146 BCE as they were conquered by the Roman Empire.
The order's columns are slender and fluted and sit atop a base . The capital consists of a double layer of acanthus leaves and stylized plant tendrils that curl up towards the abacus in the shape of a scroll or volute
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The Roman column style came from the Greek and Hellenistic styles, and their buildings were more ornamented. The construction of concrete allowed them to create elaborate structures such as domes and arches.
Greek architecture were strongly influenced by Mesopotamia and Egypt Architecture. Back then, Greek considered Mesopotamia’s and Egypt’s culture were rich and really fascinating. During this era, there are 3 styles of column developed (classical orders): Ionic, Doric, and Corinthian
The Doric column was first developed in Greece and it was used for great temples, including the famous Parthenon in Athens. Simple Ionic columns were used for smaller temples and building interiors.
Ancient Egypt began along the Nile river. Ancient Egypt was rich in culture and were described as a powerful people. They had a good ability to adapt to the condition of the nile river and can predicted various natural events which helping the valley for producing a more crops, thus supporting the dense population, social development, and culture.
Ancient Egypt were so dedicated to their religion, polytheistic. They believe that their kings had a God lineage in their blood and after they died they would ascended and became a true god. Thus In this era, many temples and tombs built, made from granite and limestone then decorated with hieroglyphics, carvings, and brightly colors frescoes. Most of the Egypt temples and tomb are influenced by Mesopotamian architecture. In 30 BC Egypt were occupied by roman and afterwards the Persian and Egyptian columns influenced Western architecture.
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Under the government of Emperor Justinian Eastern and western traditions were combines in the buildings during byzantine. In 330 CE, Constantine moved the Roman empire's capital to Byzantium and afterwards the architectural style evolved into a more classical and elegant style.
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Churches and castles of the early Medieval period were constructed with thick walls and heavy piers. The Roman ideas continued to spread across Europe even when the empire faded.
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1070 – 1120 BC, the Basilica of St. Sernin in Toulouse,
From Romanesque architecture, The cathedrals and other large evolved and thus gothic design appear. Builders were also influenced by the pointed arches and elaborate stonework of Moorish architecture in Spain.
The characterized of the gothic architecture had the elements that support the building to become taller and make it looked more gracefully, it usually had: pointed arches, flying buttresses, and ribbed vaulting. Gargoyles and other sculpting enabled practical and decorative functions.
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the ambulatory of the abbey of St. Denis in France, built between 1140 and 1144.
Chartres Cathedral and Paris' Notre Dame Cathedral in France and Dublin's St. Patrick's Cathedral and Adare Friary in Ireland.
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Villa Rotonda near Venice, Italy.
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