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TYPES OF TRAINING APPROACH – DEMONSTRATION 培训方法的类型 - 演示
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TYPES OF TRAINING APPROACH – DEMONSTRATION 培训方法的类型 - 演示
1. DEFINITION OF DEMONSTRATION
演示的定义
1.2 Explaining
解释
What
什么
why
为什么
1.3 Trainee Practice
学员练习
Doing
做
1.1 Showing
展示
Standards of workmanship
工艺标准
performing a manipulative or mental skill
执行操作或心理技能
2.USE OF DEMONSTRATION
演示的使用
2.1 Manipulative skills
个体差异
2.2 Difficult to show in the way that all students see and hear
难以以所有学员看到和听到的方式展示
Display mode
展示方式
i. To perform a manipulative skill
执行操作技巧
ii. To use tools, equipment, materials
使用工具，设备，材料
iii. To illustrate and explain principles or related technology and their applications
说明和解释原理或相关技术及其应用
3.PROCEDURES FOR PREPARING AND PRESENTING DEMONSTRATIONS
准备和展示演示的程序
3.2 Clearly define exactly what is going to be demonstrated and where the demonstration begins and ends.
内容以及演示的开始和结束位置
3.3 Prepare all tools
准备好所有工具
3.4 Stay comfortable throughout the demonstration
整个示范过程中保持舒适。
3.5 Clearly see and hear every step of the presentation
清楚地看到和听到演示的每一步
3.6 Explain the content of the presentation accurately
准确解释演示的内容
3.1 one short and digestible learning element.
一个简短易懂的元素。
3.7 View in the same direction as the instructor
与指导员相同的方向观看
3.8 Perform the demonstration with a high degree of skill
以高水平的技巧进行演示
3.9 Pause at intervals during the demonstration
每隔一段时间暂停并提出问题
3.10 Ask questions that are unclear about the main steps or key points at any time.
随时提出对主要步骤或关键点不清楚的问题。
3.11 Emphasize the safe and correct way to perform each step.
强调执行每一步的安全和正确的方式。
3.12 review the key steps and key points as soon as the demonstration is completed.
回顾关键步骤和要点。
3.13 use of the skills demonstrated as soon as possible after the demonstration is completed
使用演示的技能
3.14 Ask questions to check understanding.
提出问题以检查理解。
3.15 Don't repeat simple steps too frequently
不要过于频繁地重复简单的步骤
i. Explain the direct facts which are needed to do the job competently
解释胜任工作所需的直接事实
ii. Talk in a language that is suited to the background of the trainees.
使用适合学员背景的语言进行交谈。
iii. Explain new or unfamiliar trade or technical terms whenever they are used
解释新的或不熟悉的贸易或技术术语
iv. Repeat explanations and change the method of explaining
重复讲解，改变讲解方式
v. Explain new ideas by comparing them with things the trainees already know
新想法与已知道的事物进行比较
vi. Speak clearly, distinctly and not too fast.
说话要清楚、清楚，不要太快。
4.ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF DEMONSTRATION演示的优缺点
4.1The advantage of demonstration
示范优势
Creates a high level of trainees attention, concentration, interest and desire
培养学员高度的注意力、专注力、兴趣和积极
appeals to senses of sight, touch as well as to hearing
吸引视觉、触觉和听觉
Makes it easier for trainees to understand facts and practical uses of ideas
使学员更容易理解事实和想法和
原则的实际用途
Can be repeated in part or whole,
slowed down or speeded up
可以部分或全部重复，减慢或加快
Is less time consuming and more efficient than learning by trial-and-error
比通过试错法学习更省时、更高效
Is particularly valuable in learning
在学习中特别有价值
4.2 the demonstration of disadvantages
示范缺点
Requires careful planning, detailed preparation, considerable skill
需要周密的计划、详细的准备、相当的技巧
May cause trainees to concentrate on tools, equipment, materials and aids
使学员专注于使用的工具、设备、
材料和辅助工具
Special supplies and materials，too expensive, too difficult
特殊用品和材料，太贵，太难
poorly functioning equipment, breakage s or unexpected
设备运行不良、破损或意外
Requires more total instructing time
需要更多的总指导时间
Is not easily adapted to all subjects and all instructing
不容易适应所有科目和所有教学
Requires strict observation of safety rules
要求严格遵守安全规则和预防措施
TYPES OF TRAINING APPROACH - SHOP TALK 培训方法的类型 - 商谈
1.DEFINITION AND USE OF SHOP TALK
商谈的定义和使用
shop talk is：
商谈是：
c. Used to emphasize important items
用于强调重要项目
d. Given either to a small group of trainees or the entire class.
发给一小群学员或整个班级
b. A very short talk made up of few important
一个非常简短的演讲，由一些重要
e. Directly related to the learning needs of the trainees.
直接关系到学员的学习需求
a. Given in the workshop by the instructor
由讲师在工作坊中提供
2.RULES FOR PREPARING AND DELIVERING A SHOP TALK
准备和进行专题演讲的规则
Plan your speech carefully
仔细计划演讲
-Limited to 1-2 views
限制在1-2个观点
-Keep it short
保持简短
-Ensure that the physical environment arrangement is the same as during the conversation
确保物理环境安排与谈话时一样
-Stand in front of the group and speak
站在小组前发言
-Speak clearly
说话清晰
-Compare with familiar things
用熟悉事物进行比较
-Use auxiliary tools as a reference
使用辅助工具作为参考
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3）ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF A SHOP TALK
商店谈话的优点和缺点
advantage
优点
Cultivate students' multiple abilities (attention, concentration, interest, enthusiasm)
培养学员多项能力（注意力，专注力，兴趣，积极度）
Make it easier for students to understand
使学员更容易理解
More time-saving and efficient
更省时高效
Especially valuable
特别有价值
Cultivate the worker attitude of trainees
培养学员的工人态度
Save coaching time
节省指导时间
shortcoming
缺点
Disadvantages affecting learning
影响学习的不利因素
Auxiliary tools are difficult to deliver
辅助工具难以交付使用
Distract students
分散学员的注意力