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Research Methods - Coggle Diagram
Research Methods
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Observation
Structured
Structured observation involves the use of tables of pre-determined categories of behaviour on a coding scheme
Unstructured
Unstructured observation are when the observer records everything that happens in the observation period and no pre-determined categories
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Data types
Qualitative data
Non-numerical data
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Weakness - More difficult to analyse than quantitative data
as statistics like averages can't be calculated and every
response may be different
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Sampling Method
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Snowball Sampling
The researcher finds a couple of participants who
fit the target population, and then asks them to find
similar people who also fit the target population
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Experimental Methods
Laboratory Experiments- Highly controlled conditions, using standardised procedures.
Demand characteristics can occur due to expeirmenter bias and ethical issues are often raised as the researcher will often have to deceive participants to some extent.
Allows for cause and effect statements to be made from the manipulation of the independent variable.
Can be low in Ecological validity as the behaviour that occurs in labortory conditions may be due to the conditions and not what may occur in real life. Therefore it is difficult to generalise results to everyday life.
Standardised procedure allows for particpants to be specifically be selected and situational variables to be minimised. Therefore allowing for replication.
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Quasi Experiments-
Naturally occurring IV, allocation of participants to conditions cannot occur.
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Can be difficult to establish cuase and effect relationships as the independent variable is not being directly manipulated.