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TOPIC 3: INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES - Coggle Diagram
TOPIC 3: INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES
Internet Protocol Address (IP Address)
a sequence of numbers that uniquely
identifies the location of each computer or device
connected to the Internet or any other network.
The Internet uses two version of IP addressing schemes:
i. Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4)
CHARACTERISTIC OF IPv4 ADDRESS:
• IPv4 uses a 32-bit address scheme allowing for a total of 2
32 addresses=4294967296.
• Made up of
four groups of decimal numbers
,
• The number in each group is
between 0 and 255,
Each group consists of 8 bits, so 4 groups=32bits.
The lowest IP address : 0.0.0.0
The highest IP address : 255.255.255.255
Example:1.2.3.4 , 10.10.100.99 ,255.255.255.255
Structure of IPv4 address:
i. The network ID/part (first three numbers) identifies the
network.
ii. The host ID/part (last number) identifies the specific
computer.
ii. Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6)
Why IPv6? The growth of the Internet has led to a
shortage of IPv4 addresses. Because of this increase, IPv4 addresses are running out.
IPv6 uses a 128-bit address scheme allowing for a total of 2
128 addresses
Examples of IPV6 address:
i. 2001:0db8:0a0b::12f0:0000:0000:0000:0005
ii. 2021:0db8:0:0:1319::8a2e:0370:57ab
Structure of IPv6 address: