Prospective Technique
Current needs
Through work on each of the above three elements of an investment project, the preliminary engineering work contains information on investment and production costs that are more detailed and accurate than those found in previous quick estimates.
Investors acquire the technological know-how required to implement projects in a variety of ways that vary across a broad spectrum. At one extreme is the procurement of a complete, integrated package, in which case plants, facilities, projects, systems and service networks are delivered ready to go with their properly trained personnel.
The results of the above analysis are generally included in a pre-feasibility report or placed before a responsible entity, a government agency or a public or private company, for example, that wishes to invest in the project. It is also used to establish a first contact with potential sources of financing in order to interest them in the project.
To progress from the turnkey operations stage to full control over the design, investor involvement can proceed step-by-step in parallel with the ability to mature to perform engineering work themselves or to control work performed outside their organizations.
If the decision is made to proceed with the project, the execution of preliminary main engineering work then. This work should determine the following:
The methods to be used for the control of these operations are as follows
The pattern of organization to be given to the company.
The equipment required for each of the operations included in The overall technology that has been selected or created
Define Future Scheme
There are a number of obvious and necessary preliminary actions that precede the design of an investment project There has usually been some form of problem analysis or needs identification, from which the decision to establish a project has arisen, as a way to solve certain problems or fill a specific need.
These local conditions, described as opportunities and constraints, taken together with the project objectives, establish what we will call a Feasibility Domain To each of the local conditions, the designers assign a range of quantitative and qualitative values within which to operate in the process of choosing and designing the technology for the project.
This study focuses on the many interactions between policies, perceptions and fundamental socio-economic conditions that influence the selection and use of technologies in an investment project.
Define Future Scheme
The alternatives of small- and large-scale organizations should be considered extensively. Within a single company or agency, for example, production may take place in small units.
The cost of fixed assets, for example, which in the first study had to be roughly estimated according to the rules and techniques of cost engineering, can now be obtained through direct consultation with potential suppliers, since the main dimensions and characteristics of the construction have been attributable in the preliminary work. The cost of fixed assets, for example, which in the first study had to be roughly estimated according to cost engineering rules and techniques, can now be obtained through direct consultation with potential suppliers, since the main dimensions and construction characteristics have been attributable in the preliminary work.
The selection of an appropriate organization to manage production and marketing. marketing. It should be an important step in an attempt to obtain the lowest possible costs within given constraints, opportunities and objectives.
Determine Goals
In the second step, a set of available general technologies is identified. Some examples of alternative general technologies for different types of products are presented below:
Use of natural or enriched uranium in a nuclear power plant
Milk processing in large urban plants or in small rural units, in both cases a different mix of finished products may be proposed.
Construction of a river embankment or a dam for a hydroelectric power plant
Preference for formal education or on-the-job training, to prepare technicians for the technicians
Steel production in traditional smelting furnaces (blast furnaces) or by direct reduction in a fluidized layer.
Promotion of rural health following advanced urban patterns or by providing scientific support to traditional medicine in the countryside.
The use of prefabricated parts or brick-laying for housing construction
The pattern of organization to be given to the company.